rubbos/app/httpd-2.0.64/docs/manual/invoking.html.ru.koi8-r

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   8 <title>úÁÐÕÓË Apache - HTTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ Apache</title>
   9 <link href="./style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
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  13 <body id="manual-page"><div id="page-header">
  14 <p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">íÏÄÕÌÉ</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">äÉÒÅËÔÉ×Ù</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">çÌÏÓÓÁÒÉÊ</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">ëÁÒÔÁ ÓÁÊÔÁ</a></p>
  15 <p class="apache">HTTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ Apache ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 2.0</p>
  16 <img alt="" src="./images/feather.gif" /></div>
  17 <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
  18 <div id="path">
  19 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ</a> &gt; <a href="./">÷ÅÒÓÉÑ 2.0</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>úÁÐÕÓË Apache</h1>
  20 <div class="toplang">
  21 <p><span>äÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÅ ÑÚÙËÉ: </span><a href="./de/invoking.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch">&nbsp;de&nbsp;</a> |
  22 <a href="./en/invoking.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
  23 <a href="./es/invoking.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Espa&#241;ol">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
  24 <a href="./ja/invoking.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
  25 <a href="./ko/invoking.html" hreflang="ko" rel="alternate" title="Korean">&nbsp;ko&nbsp;</a> |
  26 <a href="./ru/invoking.html" title="Russian">&nbsp;ru&nbsp;</a> |
  27 <a href="./tr/invoking.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="T&#252;rk&#231;e">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
  28 </div>
  29
  30     <p>îÁ Windows ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁÈ Apache ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ËÁË ÓÅÒ×ÉÓ Windows NT/2000/XP
  31     ÉÌÉ ËÁË ËÏÎÓÏÌØÎÏÅ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÅ Windows 95/ME. äÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ
  32     ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÜÔÏÍÕ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÕ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÍ, ÏÂßÑÓÎÑÀÝÉÍ <a href="platform/windows.html#winsvc">ÒÁÂÏÔÕ Apache ÐÏÄ Windows × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÓÅÒ×ÉÓÁ</a> É
  33     <a href="platform/windows.xml#wincons">ÒÁÂÏÔÕ Apache ÐÏÄ Windows × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ËÏÎÓÏÌØÎÏÇÏ
  34     ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ</a>.</p>
  35
  36     <p>÷ Unix ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ
  37     ÄÅÍÏÎ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÝÉÊÓÑ × ÆÏÎÏ×ÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ É ÏÂÓÌÕÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÐÏÓÔÕÐÁÀÝÉÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÙ.
  38     ï ÔÏÍ, ËÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> É ÞÔÏ × ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ
  39     ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔÓÑ, É ÒÁÓÓËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ × ÜÔÏÍ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÅ.</p>
  40 </div>
  41 <div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startup">þÔÏ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ × ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ Apache</a></li>
  42 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#errors">ïÛÉÂËÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÕÔØ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ</a></li>
  43 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#boot">úÁÐÕÓË ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÚÁÐÕÓËÏÍ ×ÓÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</a></li>
  44 <li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#info">äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ</a></li>
  45 </ul><h3>óÍ. ÔÁËÖÅ</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="stopping.html">ïÓÔÁÎÏ× É ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÕÓË</a></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li></ul></div>
  46 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  47 <div class="section">
  48 <h2><a name="startup" id="startup">þÔÏ ÐÒÏÉÓÈÏÄÉÔ × ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ Apache</a></h2>
  49
  50     <p>åÓÌÉ × ÄÉÒÅËÔÉ×Å <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a></code>
  51     × ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÍ ÆÁÊÌÅ ÕËÁÚÁÎÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ 80 (ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÅÍÏÅ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
  52     ÉÌÉ ÌÀÂÏÅ ÄÒÕÇÏÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÒÔÁ ÍÅÎØÛÅÅ 1024, ÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ Apache
  53     ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ, ÔÁË ËÁË Apache ÐÒÉÄÅÔÓÑ
  54     ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÁÔØÓÑ Ë ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÒÔÕ. ðÏÓÌÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ËÁË ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÌÓÑ
  55     É ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÌ ÒÑÄ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÊ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË ÏÔËÒÙÔÉÅ Ó×ÏÉÈ log-ÆÁÊÌÏ×,
  56     ÏÎ ÐÏÒÏÖÄÁÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ <em>ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ× ÐÏÔÏÍËÏ×</em>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ É ÂÕÄÕÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ
  57     ×ÓÀ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ ÐÏ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÏ× ÏÔ ËÌÉÅÎÔÏ×. ïÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ <code>httpd</code>
  58     ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ Ó ÐÒÁ×ÁÍÉ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, × ÔÏ ×ÒÅÍÑ ËÁË ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ
  59     ÐÏÔÏÍËÉ ÉÍÅÀÔ ÍÅÎØÛÉÊ ÐÒÉÏÒÉÔÅÔ. ÷ÓÅ ÜÔÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ <a href="mpm.html">íð-ÍÏÄÕÌÅÍ</a>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏÍ.</p>
  60
  61     <p>äÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÄÅÍÏÎÁ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> ÌÕÞÛÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓËÒÉÐÔ
  62     <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>. üÔÏÔ ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÒÑÄ
  63     ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÈ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏÊ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ÐÏÄ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍÉ
  64     ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.
  65     óËÒÉÐÔ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> ÐÅÒÅÄÁÓÔ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ ÌÀÂÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÕÀ ÓÔÒÏËÕ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ
  66     ÐÒÉ ×ÙÚÏ×Å ÍÏÖÎÏ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ × ÅÇÏ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ ×ÓÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ÏÐÃÉÉ.
  67     ÷Ù ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÒÕÞÎÕÀ ×ÎÅÓÔÉ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÓËÒÉÐÔ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code>,
  68     × ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÉÚÍÅÎÉ× ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <code>HTTPD</code> ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ Apache
  69     ÉÚ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ, É ÕËÁÚÁ× ÏÐÃÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ <em>ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÒÁÚ</em>
  70     ÐÒÉ ÅÇÏ ÚÁÐÕÓËÅ.</p>
  71
  72     <p>ðÅÒ×ÙÍ ÄÅÌÏÍ <code>httpd</code> ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔ É ÓÞÉÔÙ×ÁÅÔ <a href="configuring.html">ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÊ
  73     ÆÁÊÌ</a> <code>httpd.conf</code>. ðÕÔØ Ë ÜÔÏÍÕ ÆÁÊÌÕ ÚÁÄÁÅÔÓÑ ÅÝÅ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÂÏÒËÉ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ,
  74     ÎÏ ÅÇÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ É ÐÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ, ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ× ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ Ó ÏÐÃÉÅÊ <code>-f</code>, ËÁË ÜÔÏ ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÏ
  75     × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÍ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ</p>
  76
  77 <div class="example"><p><code>/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -f
  78       /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf</code></p></div>
  79
  80     <p>åÓÌÉ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÎÅ ×ÏÚÎÉËÌÏ ÎÉËÁËÉÈ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ, ÔÏ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÏÔÓÏÅÄÉÎÉÔÓÑ
  81     ÏÔ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ É ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ÎÁ ××ÏÄ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ ×ÅÒÎÅÔÓÑ Ë ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ
  82     ÐÒÁËÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÍÇÎÏ×ÅÎÎÏ. üÔÏ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÎÁ ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÌÓÑ É ÔÅÐÅÒØ
  83     ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔ Ó×ÏÀ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ. ôÅÐÅÒØ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÂÒÁÕÚÅÒ, ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔØÓÑ Ë
  84     ÎÅÍÕ É Õ×ÉÄÅÔØ ÔÅÓÔÏ×ÕÀ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÕ, ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÕÀÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ
  85     <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code>, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ,
  86     ÓÓÙÌËÕ ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ×Ù ÎÁÊÄÅÔÅ ÎÁ ÔÏÊ ÖÅ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ.</p>
  87 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
  88 <div class="section">
  89 <h2><a name="errors" id="errors">ïÛÉÂËÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÕÔØ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ</a></h2>
  90
  91     <p>åÓÌÉ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ Apache ÐÒÏÉÚÏÊÄÅÔ ËÁËÁÑ-ÌÉÂÏ ÆÁÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ,
  92     ÔÏ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÔÅÍ, ËÁË ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÔØ Ó×ÏÀ ÒÁÂÏÔÕ, ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÐÏÛÌÅÔ ÎÁ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ ÉÌÉ ×
  93     <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ, ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÀÝÅÅ
  94     ÄÁÎÎÕÀ ÏÛÉÂËÕ. îÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÎÙÍ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅÍ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÅ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
  95     <code>"Unable to bind to Port ..."</code>. ðÏÄÏÂÎÁÑ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ×ÏÚÎÉËÁÅÔ × Ä×ÕÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ:</p>
  96
  97     <ul>
  98       <li>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÙÔÁÅÔÅÓØ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÎÁ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÍ ÐÏÒÔÕ, ÂÕÄÕÞÉ ÚÁÒÅÇÉÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ
  99       × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÙÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ; ÉÌÉ</li>
 100
 101       <li>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÙÔÁÅÔÅÓØ ÚÁÐÕÓÔØ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ, ËÏÇÄÁ × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÕÖÅ ÅÓÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÀÝÉÊÓÑ ÄÅÍÏÎ Apache
 102       ÉÌÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ web-ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ, ÓÌÕÛÁÀÝÉÊ ÔÏÔ ÖÅ ÓÁÍÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ.</li>
 103     </ul>
 104
 105     <p>òÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÐÏÄÏÂÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
 106     <a href="faq/">FAQ</a>.</p>
 107 </div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
 108 <div class="section">
 109 <h2><a name="boot" id="boot">úÁÐÕÓË ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ×ÍÅÓÔÅ Ó ÚÁÐÕÓËÏÍ ×ÓÅÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</a></h2>
 110
 111     <p>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÌÓÑ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ,
 112     ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ×ÙÚÏ× ÓËÒÉÐÔÁ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> × ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÏÔ×ÅÞÁÀÝÉÅ ÚÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ
 113     ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÒÅÄÙ (ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÜÔÏ <code>rc.local</code> ÉÌÉ ÆÁÊÌÙ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <code>rc.N</code>).
 114     üÔÏ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÔ Ë ÚÁÐÕÓËÕ Apache ÏÔ ÉÍÅÎÉ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.
 115     ÷Ï ÉÚÂÅÖÁÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ Ó ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔØÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÓËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ.</p>
 116
 117     <p>óËÒÉÐÔ <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÎ ÔÁËÉÍ ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎ ÍÏÖÅÔ
 118     ÄÅÊÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ ËÁË ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ init-ÓËÒÉÐÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ SysV; ÏÎ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÔØ
 119     ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ <code>start</code>, <code>restart</code>, É <code>stop</code>
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