bottleneck testcase based on rubbos
[bottlenecks.git] / rubbos / app / apache2 / manual / mod / mpm_common.html.en
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
4         XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
5               This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
6         XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
7       -->
8 <title>mpm_common - Apache HTTP Server</title>
9 <link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
10 <link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
11 <link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
12 <link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
13 <body>
14 <div id="page-header">
15 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
16 <p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p>
17 <img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
18 <div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
19 <div id="path">
20 <a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.0</a> &gt; <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
21 <div id="page-content">
22 <div id="preamble"><h1>Apache MPM Common Directives</h1>
23 <div class="toplang">
24 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch">&nbsp;de&nbsp;</a> |
25 <a href="../en/mod/mpm_common.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
26 <a href="../es/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
27 <a href="../ja/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
28 <a href="../tr/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
29 </div>
30 <table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>A collection of directives that are implemented by
31 more than one multi-processing module (MPM)</td></tr>
32 <tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr></table>
33 </div>
34 <div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
35 <ul id="toc">
36 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></li>
37 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#bs2000account">BS2000Account</a></li>
38 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#coredumpdirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a></li>
39 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#enableexceptionhook">EnableExceptionHook</a></li>
40 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#group">Group</a></li>
41 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#listen">Listen</a></li>
42 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#listenbacklog">ListenBackLog</a></li>
43 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#lockfile">LockFile</a></li>
44 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></li>
45 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxmemfree">MaxMemFree</a></li>
46 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxrequestsperchild">MaxRequestsPerChild</a></li>
47 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#maxsparethreads">MaxSpareThreads</a></li>
48 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></li>
49 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#pidfile">PidFile</a></li>
50 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#receivebuffersize">ReceiveBufferSize</a></li>
51 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#scoreboardfile">ScoreBoardFile</a></li>
52 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#sendbuffersize">SendBufferSize</a></li>
53 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></li>
54 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startservers">StartServers</a></li>
55 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#startthreads">StartThreads</a></li>
56 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#threadlimit">ThreadLimit</a></li>
57 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></li>
58 <li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#user">User</a></li>
59 </ul>
60 </div>
61
62 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
63 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="AcceptMutex" id="AcceptMutex">AcceptMutex</a> <a name="acceptmutex" id="acceptmutex">Directive</a></h2>
64 <table class="directive">
65 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Method that Apache uses to serialize multiple children
66 accepting requests on network sockets</td></tr>
67 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>AcceptMutex Default|<var>method</var></code></td></tr>
68 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>AcceptMutex Default</code></td></tr>
69 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
70 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
71 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
72 </table>
73     <p>The <code class="directive">AcceptMutex</code> directives sets the
74     method that Apache uses to serialize multiple children accepting
75     requests on network sockets. Prior to Apache 2.0, the method was
76     selectable only at compile time. The optimal method to use is
77     highly architecture and platform dependent. For further details,
78     see the <a href="../misc/perf-tuning.html">performance tuning</a>
79     documentation.</p>
80
81     <p>If this directive is set to <code>Default</code>, then the
82     compile-time selected default will be used. Other possible
83     methods are listed below. Note that not all methods are
84     available on all platforms. If a method is specified which is
85     not available, a message will be written to the error log
86     listing the available methods.</p>
87
88     <dl>
89       <dt><code>flock</code></dt>
90       <dd>uses the <code>flock(2)</code> system call to lock the
91       file defined by the <code class="directive"><a href="#lockfile">LockFile</a></code> directive.</dd>
92
93       <dt><code>fcntl</code></dt>
94       <dd>uses the <code>fcntl(2)</code> system call to lock the
95       file defined by the <code class="directive"><a href="#lockfile">LockFile</a></code> directive.</dd>
96
97       <dt><code>posixsem</code></dt>
98       <dd>uses POSIX compatible semaphores to implement the mutex.</dd>
99
100       <dt><code>pthread</code></dt>
101       <dd>uses POSIX mutexes as implemented by the POSIX Threads
102       (PThreads) specification.</dd>
103
104       <dt><code>sysvsem</code></dt>
105       <dd>uses SySV-style semaphores to implement the mutex.</dd>
106     </dl>
107
108     <p>If you want to find out the compile time chosen default
109     for your system, you may set your <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#loglevel">LogLevel</a></code> to <code>debug</code>. Then the default <code class="directive">AcceptMutex</code> will be written into the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code>.</p>
110
111 </div>
112 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
113 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="BS2000Account" id="BS2000Account">BS2000Account</a> <a name="bs2000account" id="bs2000account">Directive</a></h2>
114 <table class="directive">
115 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Define the non-privileged account on BS2000
116 machines</td></tr>
117 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>BS2000Account <var>account</var></code></td></tr>
118 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
119 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
120 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code></td></tr>
121 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Only available for BS2000 machines</td></tr>
122 </table>
123     <p>The <code class="directive">BS2000Account</code> directive is available for
124     BS2000 hosts only. It must be used to define the account number for
125     the non-privileged apache server user (which was configured using the
126     <code class="directive"><a href="#user">User</a></code> directive). This is
127     required by the BS2000 POSIX subsystem (to change the underlying BS2000
128     task environment by performing a sub-LOGON) to prevent CGI scripts
129     from accessing resources of the privileged account which started the
130     server, usually <code>SYSROOT</code>.</p>
131
132     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
133       <p>Only one <code>BS2000Account</code> directive can be used.</p>
134     </div>
135
136 <h3>See also</h3>
137 <ul>
138 <li><a href="../platform/ebcdic.html">Apache EBCDIC port</a></li>
139 </ul>
140 </div>
141 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
142 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CoreDumpDirectory" id="CoreDumpDirectory">CoreDumpDirectory</a> <a name="coredumpdirectory" id="coredumpdirectory">Directive</a></h2>
143 <table class="directive">
144 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Directory where Apache attempts to
145 switch before dumping core</td></tr>
146 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CoreDumpDirectory <var>directory</var></code></td></tr>
147 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for the default setting</code></td></tr>
148 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
149 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
150 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
151 </table>
152     <p>This controls the directory to which Apache attempts to
153     switch before dumping core. The default is in the
154     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> directory, however
155     since this should not be writable by the user the server runs
156     as, core dumps won't normally get written. If you want a core
157     dump for debugging, you can use this directive to place it in a
158     different location.</p>
159
160     <div class="note"><h3>Core Dumps on Linux</h3>
161       <p>If Apache starts as root and switches to another user, the
162       Linux kernel <em>disables</em> core dumps even if the directory is
163       writable for the process. Apache (2.0.46 and later) reenables core dumps
164       on Linux 2.4 and beyond, but only if you explicitly configure a <code class="directive">CoreDumpDirectory</code>.</p>
165     </div>
166
167 </div>
168 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
169 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="EnableExceptionHook" id="EnableExceptionHook">EnableExceptionHook</a> <a name="enableexceptionhook" id="enableexceptionhook">Directive</a></h2>
170 <table class="directive">
171 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Enables a hook that runs exception handlers
172 after a crash</td></tr>
173 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>EnableExceptionHook On|Off</code></td></tr>
174 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>EnableExceptionHook Off</code></td></tr>
175 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
176 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
177 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
178 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.49 and later</td></tr>
179 </table>
180     <p>For safety reasons this directive is only available if the server was
181     configured with the <code>--enable-exception-hook</code> option. It
182     enables a hook that allows external modules to plug in and do something
183     after a child crashed.</p>
184     
185     <p>There are already two modules, <code>mod_whatkilledus</code> and
186     <code>mod_backtrace</code> that make use of this hook. Please have a
187     look at Jeff Trawick's <a href="http://www.apache.org/~trawick/exception_hook.html">EnableExceptionHook site</a> for more information about these.</p>
188
189 </div>
190 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
191 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Group" id="Group">Group</a> <a name="group" id="group">Directive</a></h2>
192 <table class="directive">
193 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Group under which the server will answer
194 requests</td></tr>
195 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Group <var>unix-group</var></code></td></tr>
196 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Group #-1</code></td></tr>
197 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
198 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
199 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
200 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Only valid in global server config since Apache
201 2.0</td></tr>
202 </table>
203     <p>The <code class="directive">Group</code> directive sets the group under
204     which the server will answer requests. In order to use this
205     directive, the server must be run initially as <code>root</code>. If
206     you start the server as a non-root user, it will fail to change to the
207     specified group, and will instead continue to run as the group of the
208     original user. <var>Unix-group</var> is one of:</p>
209
210     <dl>
211       <dt>A group name</dt>
212       <dd>Refers to the given group by name.</dd>
213
214       <dt><code>#</code> followed by a group number.</dt>
215       <dd>Refers to a group by its number.</dd>
216     </dl>
217
218     <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
219       Group www-group
220     </code></p></div>
221
222     <p>It is recommended that you set up a new group specifically for
223     running the server. Some admins use user <code>nobody</code>,
224     but this is not always possible or desirable.</p>
225
226     <div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
227       <p>Don't set <code class="directive">Group</code> (or <code class="directive"><a href="#user">User</a></code>) to <code>root</code> unless
228       you know exactly what you are doing, and what the dangers are.</p>
229     </div>
230
231     <p>Special note: Use of this directive in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> is no longer supported. To
232     configure your server for <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> use
233     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code>.</p>
234
235     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
236       <p>Although the <code class="directive">Group</code> directive is present
237       in the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> MPMs,
238       it is actually a no-op there and only exists for compatibility
239       reasons.</p>
240     </div>
241
242 </div>
243 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
244 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Listen" id="Listen">Listen</a> <a name="listen" id="listen">Directive</a></h2>
245 <table class="directive">
246 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>IP addresses and ports that the server
247 listens to</td></tr>
248 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>Listen [<var>IP-address</var>:]<var>portnumber</var></code></td></tr>
249 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
250 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
251 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
252 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Required directive since Apache 2.0</td></tr>
253 </table>
254     <p>The <code class="directive">Listen</code> directive instructs Apache to
255     listen to only specific IP addresses or ports; by default it
256     responds to requests on all IP interfaces. <code class="directive">Listen</code>
257     is now a required directive. If it is not in the config file, the
258     server will fail to start. This is a change from previous versions
259     of Apache.</p>
260
261     <p>The <code class="directive">Listen</code> directive tells the server to
262     accept incoming requests on the specified port or address-and-port
263     combination. If only a port number is specified, the server listens to
264     the given port on all interfaces. If an IP address is given as well
265     as a port, the server will listen on the given port and
266     interface.</p>
267
268     <p>Multiple <code class="directive">Listen</code> directives may be used to
269     specify a number of addresses and ports to listen to. The server will
270     respond to requests from any of the listed addresses and ports.</p>
271
272     <p>For example, to make the server accept connections on both
273     port 80 and port 8000, use:</p>
274
275     <div class="example"><p><code>
276       Listen 80<br />
277       Listen 8000
278     </code></p></div>
279
280     <p>To make the server accept connections on two specified
281     interfaces and port numbers, use </p>
282
283     <div class="example"><p><code>
284       Listen 192.170.2.1:80<br />
285       Listen 192.170.2.5:8000
286     </code></p></div>
287
288     <p>IPv6 addresses must be surrounded in square brackets, as in the
289     following example:</p>
290
291     <div class="example"><p><code>
292       Listen [2001:db8::a00:20ff:fea7:ccea]:80
293     </code></p></div>
294
295     <div class="note"><h3>Error condition</h3>
296       Multiple <code class="directive">Listen</code> directives for the same ip
297       address and port will result in an <code>Address already in use</code>
298       error message.
299     </div>
300
301 <h3>See also</h3>
302 <ul>
303 <li><a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS Issues</a></li>
304 <li><a href="../bind.html">Setting which addresses and ports Apache
305     uses</a></li>
306 </ul>
307 </div>
308 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
309 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ListenBackLog" id="ListenBackLog">ListenBackLog</a> <a name="listenbacklog" id="listenbacklog">Directive</a></h2>
310 <table class="directive">
311 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum length of the queue of pending connections</td></tr>
312 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ListenBacklog <var>backlog</var></code></td></tr>
313 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ListenBacklog 511</code></td></tr>
314 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
315 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
316 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
317 </table>
318     <p>The maximum length of the queue of pending connections.
319     Generally no tuning is needed or desired, however on some
320     systems it is desirable to increase this when under a TCP SYN
321     flood attack. See the backlog parameter to the
322     <code>listen(2)</code> system call.</p>
323
324     <p>This will often be limited to a smaller number by the
325     operating system. This varies from OS to OS. Also note that
326     many OSes do not use exactly what is specified as the backlog,
327     but use a number based on (but normally larger than) what is
328     set.</p>
329
330 </div>
331 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
332 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LockFile" id="LockFile">LockFile</a> <a name="lockfile" id="lockfile">Directive</a></h2>
333 <table class="directive">
334 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Location of the accept serialization lock file</td></tr>
335 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LockFile <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
336 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>LockFile logs/accept.lock</code></td></tr>
337 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
338 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
339 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
340 </table>
341     <p>The <code class="directive">LockFile</code> directive sets the path to
342     the lockfile used when Apache is used with an <code class="directive"><a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></code> value of either
343     <code>fcntl</code> or <code>flock</code>. This directive should
344     normally be left at its default value. The main reason for changing
345     it is if the <code>logs</code> directory is NFS mounted, since
346     <strong>the lockfile must be stored on a local disk</strong>. The PID
347     of the main server process is automatically appended to the
348     filename.</p>
349
350     <div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
351       <p>It is best to <em>avoid</em> putting this file in a world writable
352       directory such as <code>/var/tmp</code> because someone could create
353       a denial of service attack and prevent the server from starting by
354       creating a lockfile with the same name as the one the server will try
355       to create.</p>
356     </div>
357
358 <h3>See also</h3>
359 <ul>
360 <li><code class="directive"><a href="#acceptmutex">AcceptMutex</a></code></li>
361 </ul>
362 </div>
363 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
364 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxClients" id="MaxClients">MaxClients</a> <a name="maxclients" id="maxclients">Directive</a></h2>
365 <table class="directive">
366 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum number of connections that will be processed
367 simultaneously</td></tr>
368 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxClients <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
369 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
370 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
371 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
372 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
373 </table>
374     <p>The <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> directive sets the limit
375     on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.  Any
376     connection attempts over the <code class="directive">MaxClients</code>
377     limit will normally be queued, up to a number based on the
378     <code class="directive"><a href="#listenbacklog">ListenBacklog</a></code>
379     directive. Once a child process is freed at the end of a different
380     request, the connection will then be serviced.</p>
381
382     <p>For non-threaded servers (<em>i.e.</em>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>),
383     <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> translates into the maximum
384     number of child processes that will be launched to serve requests.
385     The default value is <code>256</code>; to increase it, you must also raise
386     <code class="directive"><a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></code>.</p>
387
388     <p>For threaded and hybrid servers (<em>e.g.</em> <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>
389     or <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>) <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> restricts
390     the total number of threads that will be available to serve clients.
391     The default value for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> is <code>50</code>. For
392     hybrid MPMs the default value is <code>16</code> (<code class="directive"><a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></code>) multiplied by the value of
393     <code>25</code> (<code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>). Therefore, to increase <code class="directive">MaxClients</code> to a value that requires more than 16 processes,
394     you must also raise <code class="directive"><a href="#serverlimit">ServerLimit</a></code>.</p>
395
396 </div>
397 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
398 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxMemFree" id="MaxMemFree">MaxMemFree</a> <a name="maxmemfree" id="maxmemfree">Directive</a></h2>
399 <table class="directive">
400 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum amount of memory that the main allocator is allowed
401 to hold without calling <code>free()</code></td></tr>
402 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxMemFree <var>KBytes</var></code></td></tr>
403 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>MaxMemFree 0</code></td></tr>
404 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
405 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
406 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code></td></tr>
407 </table>
408     <p>The <code class="directive">MaxMemFree</code> directive sets the
409     maximum number of free Kbytes that the main allocator is allowed
410     to hold without calling <code>free()</code>. When not set, or when set
411     to zero, the threshold will be set to unlimited.</p>
412
413 </div>
414 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
415 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxRequestsPerChild" id="MaxRequestsPerChild">MaxRequestsPerChild</a> <a name="maxrequestsperchild" id="maxrequestsperchild">Directive</a></h2>
416 <table class="directive">
417 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Limit on the number of requests that an individual child server
418 will handle during its life</td></tr>
419 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxRequestsPerChild <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
420 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>MaxRequestsPerChild 10000</code></td></tr>
421 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
422 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
423 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
424 </table>
425     <p>The <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> directive sets
426     the limit on the number of requests that an individual child
427     server process will handle. After
428     <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> requests, the child
429     process will die. If <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> is
430     <code>0</code>, then the process will never expire.</p>
431
432     <div class="note"><h3>Different default values</h3>
433       <p>The default value for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> and
434       <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> is <code>0</code>.</p>
435     </div>
436
437     <p>Setting <code class="directive">MaxRequestsPerChild</code> to a
438     non-zero value limits the amount of memory that process can consume
439     by (accidental) memory leakage.</p>
440
441     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
442       <p>For <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#keepalive">KeepAlive</a></code> requests, only
443       the first request is counted towards this limit. In effect, it
444       changes the behavior to limit the number of <em>connections</em> per
445       child.</p>
446     </div>
447
448 </div>
449 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
450 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MaxSpareThreads" id="MaxSpareThreads">MaxSpareThreads</a> <a name="maxsparethreads" id="maxsparethreads">Directive</a></h2>
451 <table class="directive">
452 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Maximum number of idle threads</td></tr>
453 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MaxSpareThreads <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
454 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
455 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
456 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
457 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
458 </table>
459     <p>Maximum number of idle threads. Different MPMs deal with this
460     directive differently.</p>
461
462     <p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> the default is
463     <code>MaxSpareThreads 10</code>. This MPM monitors the number of
464     idle threads on a per-child basis. If there are too many idle
465     threads in that child, the server will begin to kill threads
466     within that child.</p>
467
468     <p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> the default is <code>MaxSpareThreads 250</code>.
469     These MPMs deal with idle threads on a server-wide basis. If there
470     are too many idle threads in the server then child processes are
471     killed until the number of idle threads is less than this number.</p>
472
473     <p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> the default is
474     <code>MaxSpareThreads 100</code>. Since this MPM runs a
475     single-process, the spare thread count is also server-wide.</p>
476
477     <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> work
478     similar to <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>. The default for
479     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> is <code>MaxSpareThreads 50</code>. For
480     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> the default value is <code>10</code>.</p>
481
482     <div class="note"><h3>Restrictions</h3>
483       <p>The range of the <code class="directive">MaxSpareThreads</code> value
484       is restricted. Apache will correct the given value automatically
485       according to the following rules:</p>
486       <ul>
487         <li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> requires <code class="directive">MaxSpareThreads</code> to be less or equal than <code class="directive"><a href="#threadlimit">ThreadLimit</a></code>.</li>
488
489         <li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> wants the value to be greater than
490         <code class="directive"><a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></code>.</li>
491
492         <li>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> and
493         <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> the value must be greater or equal than
494         the sum of <code class="directive"><a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></code>
495         and <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>.</li>
496       </ul>
497     </div>
498
499 <h3>See also</h3>
500 <ul>
501 <li><code class="directive"><a href="#minsparethreads">MinSpareThreads</a></code></li>
502 <li><code class="directive"><a href="#startservers">StartServers</a></code></li>
503 </ul>
504 </div>
505 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
506 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="MinSpareThreads" id="MinSpareThreads">MinSpareThreads</a> <a name="minsparethreads" id="minsparethreads">Directive</a></h2>
507 <table class="directive">
508 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Minimum number of idle threads available to handle request
509 spikes</td></tr>
510 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>MinSpareThreads <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
511 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
512 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
513 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
514 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
515 </table>
516     <p>Minimum number of idle threads to handle request spikes.
517     Different MPMs deal with this directive
518     differently.</p>
519
520     <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> uses a default of
521     <code>MinSpareThreads 5</code> and monitors the number of idle
522     threads on a per-child basis. If there aren't enough idle threads
523     in that child, the server will begin to create new threads within
524     that child. Thus, if you set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/perchild.html#numservers">NumServers</a></code> to <code>10</code> and a <code class="directive">MinSpareThreads</code> value of <code>5</code>, you'll have
525     at least 50 idle threads on your system.</p>
526
527     <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code> and
528     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> use a default of <code>MinSpareThreads
529     75</code> and deal with idle threads on a server-wide basis. If
530     there aren't enough idle threads in the server then child
531     processes are created until the number of idle threads is greater
532     than number.</p>
533
534     <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> uses a default of
535     <code>MinSpareThreads 10</code> and, since it is a single-process
536     MPM, tracks this on a server-wide bases.</p>
537
538     <p><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> work
539     similar to <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>. The default for
540     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> is <code>MinSpareThreads 1</code>. For
541     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> the default value is <code>5</code>.</p>
542
543 <h3>See also</h3>
544 <ul>
545 <li><code class="directive"><a href="#maxsparethreads">MaxSpareThreads</a></code></li>
546 <li><code class="directive"><a href="#startservers">StartServers</a></code></li>
547 </ul>
548 </div>
549 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
550 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="PidFile" id="PidFile">PidFile</a> <a name="pidfile" id="pidfile">Directive</a></h2>
551 <table class="directive">
552 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>File where the server records the process ID
553 of the daemon</td></tr>
554 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>PidFile <var>filename</var></code></td></tr>
555 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>PidFile logs/httpd.pid</code></td></tr>
556 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
557 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
558 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
559 </table>
560     <p>The <code class="directive">PidFile</code> directive sets the file to
561     which the server records the process id of the daemon. If the
562     filename is not absolute then it is assumed to be relative to the
563     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code>.</p>
564
565     <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
566       PidFile /var/run/apache.pid
567     </code></p></div>
568
569     <p>It is often useful to be able to send the server a signal,
570     so that it closes and then re-opens its <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#transferlog">TransferLog</a></code>, and
571     re-reads its configuration files. This is done by sending a
572     SIGHUP (kill -1) signal to the process id listed in the
573     <code class="directive">PidFile</code>.</p>
574
575     <p>The <code class="directive">PidFile</code> is subject to the same
576     warnings about log file placement and <a href="../misc/security_tips.html#serverroot">security</a>.</p>
577
578     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
579       <p>As of Apache 2 it is recommended to use only the <code class="program"><a href="../programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> script for (re-)starting or stopping the server.</p>
580     </div>
581
582 </div>
583 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
584 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ReceiveBufferSize" id="ReceiveBufferSize">ReceiveBufferSize</a> <a name="receivebuffersize" id="receivebuffersize">Directive</a></h2>
585 <table class="directive">
586 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>TCP receive buffer size</td></tr>
587 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ReceiveBufferSize <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr>
588 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ReceiveBufferSize 0</code></td></tr>
589 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
590 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
591 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
592 </table>
593     <p>The server will set the TCP receive buffer size to the number of
594     bytes specified.</p>
595
596     <p>If set to the value of <code>0</code>, the server will use the
597     OS default.</p>
598
599 </div>
600 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
601 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ScoreBoardFile" id="ScoreBoardFile">ScoreBoardFile</a> <a name="scoreboardfile" id="scoreboardfile">Directive</a></h2>
602 <table class="directive">
603 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Location of the file used to store coordination data for
604 the child processes</td></tr>
605 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ScoreBoardFile <var>file-path</var></code></td></tr>
606 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ScoreBoardFile logs/apache_status</code></td></tr>
607 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
608 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
609 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
610 </table>
611     <p>Apache uses a scoreboard to communicate between its parent
612     and child processes.  Some architectures require a file to facilitate
613     this communication. If the file is left unspecified, Apache first
614     attempts to create the scoreboard entirely in memory (using anonymous
615     shared memory) and, failing that, will attempt to create the file on
616     disk (using file-based shared memory). Specifying this directive causes
617     Apache to always create the file on the disk.</p>
618
619     <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
620       ScoreBoardFile /var/run/apache_status
621     </code></p></div>
622
623     <p>File-based shared memory is useful for third-party applications
624     that require direct access to the scoreboard.</p>
625
626     <p>If you use a <code class="directive">ScoreBoardFile</code> then
627     you may see improved speed by placing it on a RAM disk. But be
628     careful that you heed the same warnings about log file placement
629     and <a href="../misc/security_tips.html">security</a>.</p>
630
631 <h3>See also</h3>
632 <ul>
633 <li><a href="../stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting
634 Apache</a></li>
635 </ul>
636 </div>
637 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
638 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="SendBufferSize" id="SendBufferSize">SendBufferSize</a> <a name="sendbuffersize" id="sendbuffersize">Directive</a></h2>
639 <table class="directive">
640 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>TCP buffer size</td></tr>
641 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>SendBufferSize <var>bytes</var></code></td></tr>
642 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>SendBufferSize 0</code></td></tr>
643 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
644 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
645 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
646 </table>
647     <p>The server will set the TCP send buffer size to the number of bytes
648     specified. Very useful to increase past standard OS defaults on
649     high speed high latency (<em>i.e.</em>, 100ms or so, such as
650     transcontinental fast pipes).</p>
651
652     <p>If set to the value of <code>0</code>, the server will use the
653     OS default.</p>
654
655 </div>
656 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
657 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ServerLimit" id="ServerLimit">ServerLimit</a> <a name="serverlimit" id="serverlimit">Directive</a></h2>
658 <table class="directive">
659 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Upper limit on configurable number of processes</td></tr>
660 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ServerLimit <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
661 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
662 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
663 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
664 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
665 </table>
666     <p>For the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> MPM, this directive sets the
667     maximum configured value for <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> for the lifetime of the
668     Apache process.  For the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> MPM, this directive
669     in combination with <code class="directive"><a href="#threadlimit">ThreadLimit</a></code> sets
670     the maximum configured value for <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> for the lifetime of the
671     Apache process.  Any attempts to change this directive during a
672     restart will be ignored, but <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> can be modified during
673     a restart.</p>
674
675     <p>Special care must be taken when using this directive.  If
676     <code class="directive">ServerLimit</code> is set to a value much higher
677     than necessary, extra, unused shared memory will be allocated.  If
678     both <code class="directive">ServerLimit</code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> are set to values
679     higher than the system can handle, Apache may not start or the
680     system may become unstable.</p>
681
682     <p>With the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> MPM, use this directive only
683     if you need to set <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> higher than 256 (default).
684     Do not set the value of this directive any higher than what you
685     might want to set <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> to.</p>
686
687     <p>With <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code> and
688     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> use this directive only
689     if your <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients">MaxClients</a></code> and
690     <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>
691     settings require more than 16 server processes (default). Do not set
692     the value of this directive any higher than the number of server
693     processes required by what you may want for <code class="directive"><a href="#maxclients ">MaxClients </a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>.</p>
694
695     <p>With the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> MPM, use this directive only
696     if you need to set <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/perchild.html#numservers">NumServers</a></code> higher than 8 (default).</p>
697
698     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
699       <p>There is a hard limit of <code>ServerLimit 20000</code> compiled
700       into the server. This is intended to avoid nasty effects caused by
701       typos.</p>
702     </div>
703
704 <h3>See also</h3>
705 <ul>
706 <li><a href="../stopping.html">Stopping and Restarting Apache</a></li>
707 </ul>
708 </div>
709 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
710 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="StartServers" id="StartServers">StartServers</a> <a name="startservers" id="startservers">Directive</a></h2>
711 <table class="directive">
712 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of child server processes created at startup</td></tr>
713 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>StartServers <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
714 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
715 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
716 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
717 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
718 </table>
719     <p>The <code class="directive">StartServers</code> directive sets the
720     number of child server processes created on startup. As the number
721     of processes is dynamically controlled depending on the load,
722     there is usually little reason to adjust this parameter.</p>
723
724     <p>The default value differs from MPM to MPM. For
725     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code> and
726     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code> the default is <code>StartServers 3</code>.
727     For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code> defaults to <code>5</code> and for
728     <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> to <code>2</code>.</p>
729
730 </div>
731 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
732 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="StartThreads" id="StartThreads">StartThreads</a> <a name="startthreads" id="startthreads">Directive</a></h2>
733 <table class="directive">
734 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of threads created on startup</td></tr>
735 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>StartThreads <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
736 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
737 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
738 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
739 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code></td></tr>
740 </table>
741     <p>Number of threads created on startup. As the
742     number of threads is dynamically controlled depending on the
743     load, there is usually little reason to adjust this
744     parameter.</p>
745
746     <p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> the default is <code>StartThreads
747     5</code> and this directive tracks the number of threads per
748     process at startup.</p>
749
750     <p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_netware.html">mpm_netware</a></code> the default is
751     <code>StartThreads 50</code> and, since there is only a single
752     process, this is the total number of threads created at startup to
753     serve requests.</p>
754
755     <p>For <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> the default is <code>StartThreads
756     10</code>. It also reflects the total number of threads created
757     at startup to serve requests.</p>
758
759 </div>
760 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
761 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ThreadLimit" id="ThreadLimit">ThreadLimit</a> <a name="threadlimit" id="threadlimit">Directive</a></h2>
762 <table class="directive">
763 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Sets the upper limit on the configurable number of threads
764 per child process</td></tr>
765 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ThreadLimit <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
766 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
767 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
768 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
769 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
770 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available for <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> in Apache 2.0.41
771 and later</td></tr>
772 </table>
773     <p>This directive sets the maximum configured value for <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> for the lifetime
774     of the Apache process.  Any attempts to change this directive
775     during a restart will be ignored, but <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> can be modified
776     during a restart up to the value of this directive.</p>
777
778     <p>Special care must be taken when using this directive.  If
779     <code class="directive">ThreadLimit</code> is set to a value much higher
780     than <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code>,
781     extra unused shared memory will be allocated.  If both
782     <code class="directive">ThreadLimit</code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> are set to values
783     higher than the system can handle, Apache may not start or the
784     system may become unstable. Do not set the value of this directive
785     any higher than your greatest predicted setting of <code class="directive"><a href="#threadsperchild">ThreadsPerChild</a></code> for the
786     current run of Apache.</p>
787
788     <p>The default value for <code class="directive">ThreadLimit</code> is
789     <code>1920</code> when used with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> and
790     <code>64</code> when used with the others.</p>
791
792     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
793       <p>There is a hard limit of <code>ThreadLimit 20000</code> (or
794       <code>ThreadLimit 15000</code> with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>)
795       compiled into the server. This is intended to avoid nasty effects
796       caused by typos.</p>
797     </div>
798
799 </div>
800 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
801 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ThreadsPerChild" id="ThreadsPerChild">ThreadsPerChild</a> <a name="threadsperchild" id="threadsperchild">Directive</a></h2>
802 <table class="directive">
803 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Number of threads created by each child process</td></tr>
804 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ThreadsPerChild <var>number</var></code></td></tr>
805 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>See usage for details</code></td></tr>
806 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
807 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
808 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
809 </table>
810     <p>This directive sets the number of threads created by each
811     child process. The child creates these threads at startup and
812     never creates more. If using an MPM like <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code>,
813     where there is only one child process, this number should be high
814     enough to handle the entire load of the server. If using an MPM
815     like <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code>, where there are multiple child processes,
816     the <em>total</em> number of threads should be high enough to handle
817     the common load on the server.</p>
818
819     <p>The default value for <code class="directive">ThreadsPerChild</code> is
820     <code>64</code> when used with <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpm_winnt.html">mpm_winnt</a></code> and
821     <code>25</code> when used with the others.</p>
822
823 </div>
824 <div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
825 <div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="User" id="User">User</a> <a name="user" id="user">Directive</a></h2>
826 <table class="directive">
827 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The userid under which the server will answer
828 requests</td></tr>
829 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>User <var>unix-userid</var></code></td></tr>
830 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>User #-1</code></td></tr>
831 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config</td></tr>
832 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>MPM</td></tr>
833 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td><code class="module"><a href="../mod/leader.html">leader</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/prefork.html">prefork</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/threadpool.html">threadpool</a></code>, <code class="module"><a href="../mod/worker.html">worker</a></code></td></tr>
834 <tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Only valid in global server config since Apache
835 2.0</td></tr>
836 </table>
837     <p>The <code class="directive">User</code> directive sets the user ID as
838     which the server will answer requests. In order to use this
839     directive, the server must be run initially as <code>root</code>.
840     If you start the server as a non-root user, it will fail to change
841     to the lesser privileged user, and will instead continue to run as
842     that original user. If you do start the server as <code>root</code>,
843     then it is normal for the parent process to remain running as root.
844     <var>Unix-userid</var> is one of:</p>
845
846     <dl>
847       <dt>A username</dt>
848       <dd>Refers to the given user by name.</dd>
849
850       <dt># followed by a user number.</dt>
851       <dd>Refers to a user by its number.</dd>
852     </dl>
853
854     <p>The user should have no privileges that result in it being
855     able to access files that are not intended to be visible to the
856     outside world, and similarly, the user should not be able to
857     execute code that is not meant for HTTP requests. It is
858     recommended that you set up a new user and group specifically for
859     running the server. Some admins use user <code>nobody</code>, but
860     this is not always desirable, since the <code>nobody</code> user
861     can have other uses on the system.</p>
862
863     <div class="warning"><h3>Security</h3>
864       <p>Don't set <code class="directive">User</code> (or <code class="directive"><a href="#group">Group</a></code>) to <code>root</code> unless
865       you know exactly what you are doing, and what the dangers are.</p>
866     </div>
867
868     <p>With the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/perchild.html">perchild</a></code> MPM, which is intended to
869     server virtual hosts run under different user IDs, the
870     <code class="directive">User</code> directive defines the user ID for the
871     main server and the fallback for <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> sections without an
872     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/perchild.html#assignuserid">AssignUserID</a></code> directive.</p>
873
874     <p>Special note: Use of this directive in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> is no longer supported. To
875     configure your server for <code class="program"><a href="../programs/suexec.html">suexec</a></code> use
876     <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_suexec.html#suexecusergroup">SuexecUserGroup</a></code>.</p>
877
878     <div class="note"><h3>Note</h3>
879       <p>Although the <code class="directive">User</code> directive is present
880       in the <code class="module"><a href="../mod/beos.html">beos</a></code> and <code class="module"><a href="../mod/mpmt_os2.html">mpmt_os2</a></code> MPMs,
881       it is actually a no-op there and only exists for compatibility
882       reasons.</p>
883     </div>
884
885 </div>
886 </div>
887 <div class="bottomlang">
888 <p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../de/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch">&nbsp;de&nbsp;</a> |
889 <a href="../en/mod/mpm_common.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
890 <a href="../es/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="es" rel="alternate" title="Español">&nbsp;es&nbsp;</a> |
891 <a href="../ja/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a> |
892 <a href="../tr/mod/mpm_common.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe">&nbsp;tr&nbsp;</a></p>
893 </div><div id="footer">
894 <p class="apache">Copyright 2009 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
895 <p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
896 </body></html>