initial code repo
[stor4nfv.git] / src / ceph / src / tools / rbd / Utils.cc
diff --git a/src/ceph/src/tools/rbd/Utils.cc b/src/ceph/src/tools/rbd/Utils.cc
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..549cf9d
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,1085 @@
+// -*- mode:C++; tab-width:8; c-basic-offset:2; indent-tabs-mode:t -*-
+// vim: ts=8 sw=2 smarttab
+
+#include "tools/rbd/Utils.h"
+#include "include/assert.h"
+#include "include/Context.h"
+#include "include/encoding.h"
+#include "common/common_init.h"
+#include "include/stringify.h"
+#include "include/rbd/features.h"
+#include "common/config.h"
+#include "common/errno.h"
+#include "common/safe_io.h"
+#include "global/global_context.h"
+#include <iostream>
+#include <boost/regex.hpp>
+#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
+#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
+
+namespace rbd {
+namespace utils {
+
+namespace at = argument_types;
+namespace po = boost::program_options;
+
+int ProgressContext::update_progress(uint64_t offset, uint64_t total) {
+  if (progress) {
+    int pc = total ? (offset * 100ull / total) : 0;
+    if (pc != last_pc) {
+      cerr << "\r" << operation << ": "
+           << pc << "% complete...";
+      cerr.flush();
+      last_pc = pc;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void ProgressContext::finish() {
+  if (progress) {
+    cerr << "\r" << operation << ": 100% complete...done." << std::endl;
+  }
+}
+
+void ProgressContext::fail() {
+  if (progress) {
+    cerr << "\r" << operation << ": " << last_pc << "% complete...failed."
+         << std::endl;
+  }
+}
+
+void aio_context_callback(librbd::completion_t completion, void *arg)
+{
+  librbd::RBD::AioCompletion *aio_completion =
+    reinterpret_cast<librbd::RBD::AioCompletion*>(completion);
+  Context *context = reinterpret_cast<Context *>(arg);
+  context->complete(aio_completion->get_return_value());
+  aio_completion->release();
+}
+
+int read_string(int fd, unsigned max, std::string *out) {
+  char buf[4];
+
+  int r = safe_read_exact(fd, buf, 4);
+  if (r < 0)
+    return r;
+
+  bufferlist bl;
+  bl.append(buf, 4);
+  bufferlist::iterator p = bl.begin();
+  uint32_t len;
+  ::decode(len, p);
+  if (len > max)
+    return -EINVAL;
+
+  char sbuf[len];
+  r = safe_read_exact(fd, sbuf, len);
+  if (r < 0)
+    return r;
+  out->assign(sbuf, len);
+  return len;
+}
+
+int extract_spec(const std::string &spec, std::string *pool_name,
+                 std::string *image_name, std::string *snap_name,
+                 SpecValidation spec_validation) {
+  if (!g_ceph_context->_conf->get_val<bool>("rbd_validate_names")) {
+    spec_validation = SPEC_VALIDATION_NONE;
+  }
+
+  boost::regex pattern;
+  switch (spec_validation) {
+  case SPEC_VALIDATION_FULL:
+    // disallow "/" and "@" in image and snap name
+    pattern = "^(?:([^/@]+)/)?([^/@]+)(?:@([^/@]+))?$";
+    break;
+  case SPEC_VALIDATION_SNAP:
+    // disallow "/" and "@" in snap name
+    pattern = "^(?:([^/]+)/)?([^@]+)(?:@([^/@]+))?$";
+    break;
+  case SPEC_VALIDATION_NONE:
+    // relaxed pattern assumes pool is before first "/" and snap
+    // name is after first "@"
+    pattern = "^(?:([^/]+)/)?([^@]+)(?:@(.+))?$";
+    break;
+  default:
+    assert(false);
+    break;
+  }
+
+  boost::smatch match;
+  if (!boost::regex_match(spec, match, pattern)) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: invalid spec '" << spec << "'" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && match[1].matched) {
+    *pool_name = match[1];
+  }
+  if (image_name != nullptr) {
+    *image_name = match[2];
+  }
+  if (snap_name != nullptr && match[3].matched) {
+    *snap_name = match[3];
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int extract_group_spec(const std::string &spec,
+                      std::string *pool_name,
+                      std::string *group_name) {
+  boost::regex pattern;
+  pattern = "^(?:([^/]+)/)?(.+)?$";
+
+  boost::smatch match;
+  if (!boost::regex_match(spec, match, pattern)) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: invalid spec '" << spec << "'" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && match[1].matched) {
+    *pool_name = match[1];
+  }
+  if (group_name != nullptr) {
+    *group_name = match[2];
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int extract_image_id_spec(const std::string &spec, std::string *pool_name,
+                          std::string *image_id) {
+  boost::regex pattern;
+  pattern = "^(?:([^/]+)/)?(.+)?$";
+
+  boost::smatch match;
+  if (!boost::regex_match(spec, match, pattern)) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: invalid spec '" << spec << "'" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && match[1].matched) {
+    *pool_name = match[1];
+  }
+  if (image_id != nullptr) {
+    *image_id = match[2];
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+std::string get_positional_argument(const po::variables_map &vm, size_t index) {
+  if (vm.count(at::POSITIONAL_ARGUMENTS) == 0) {
+    return "";
+  }
+
+  const std::vector<std::string> &args =
+    boost::any_cast<std::vector<std::string> >(
+      vm[at::POSITIONAL_ARGUMENTS].value());
+  if (index < args.size()) {
+    return args[index];
+  }
+  return "";
+}
+
+std::string get_default_pool_name() {
+  return g_ceph_context->_conf->get_val<std::string>("rbd_default_pool");
+}
+
+std::string get_pool_name(const po::variables_map &vm, size_t *arg_index) {
+  std::string pool_name;
+  if (vm.count(at::POOL_NAME)) {
+    pool_name = vm[at::POOL_NAME].as<std::string>();
+  } else {
+    pool_name = get_positional_argument(vm, *arg_index);
+    if (!pool_name.empty()) {
+       ++(*arg_index);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name.empty()) {
+    pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+  return pool_name;
+}
+
+int get_special_pool_group_names(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                                size_t *arg_index,
+                                std::string *group_pool_name,
+                                std::string *group_name) {
+  if (nullptr == group_pool_name) return -EINVAL;
+  if (nullptr == group_name) return -EINVAL;
+  std::string pool_key = at::POOL_NAME;
+
+  std::string group_pool_key = "group-" + at::POOL_NAME;
+  std::string group_key = at::GROUP_NAME;
+
+  if (vm.count(group_pool_key)) {
+    *group_pool_name = vm[group_pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(group_key)) {
+    *group_name = vm[group_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  int r;
+  if (group_name->empty()) {
+    std::string spec = utils::get_positional_argument(vm, (*arg_index)++);
+    if (!spec.empty()) {
+      r = utils::extract_group_spec(spec, group_pool_name, group_name);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        return r;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (group_pool_name->empty() && vm.count(pool_key)) {
+    *group_pool_name = vm[pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (group_pool_name->empty()) {
+    *group_pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (group_name->empty()) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: consistency group name was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_special_pool_image_names(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                                size_t *arg_index,
+                                std::string *image_pool_name,
+                                std::string *image_name) {
+  if (nullptr == image_pool_name) return -EINVAL;
+  if (nullptr == image_name) return -EINVAL;
+
+  std::string pool_key = at::POOL_NAME;
+
+  std::string image_pool_key = "image-" + at::POOL_NAME;
+  std::string image_key = at::IMAGE_NAME;
+
+  if (vm.count(image_pool_key)) {
+    *image_pool_name = vm[image_pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(image_key)) {
+    *image_name = vm[image_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  int r;
+  if (image_name->empty()) {
+    std::string spec = utils::get_positional_argument(vm, (*arg_index)++);
+    if (!spec.empty()) {
+      r = utils::extract_spec(spec, image_pool_name,
+                              image_name, nullptr,
+                             utils::SPEC_VALIDATION_NONE);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        return r;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (image_pool_name->empty() && vm.count(pool_key)) {
+    *image_pool_name = vm[pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (image_pool_name->empty()) {
+    *image_pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (image_name->empty()) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: image name was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_pool_image_id(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                     size_t *spec_arg_index,
+                     std::string *pool_name,
+                     std::string *image_id) {
+
+  if (vm.count(at::POOL_NAME) && pool_name != nullptr) {
+    *pool_name = vm[at::POOL_NAME].as<std::string>();
+  }
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_ID) && image_id != nullptr) {
+    *image_id = vm[at::IMAGE_ID].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  int r;
+  if (image_id != nullptr && spec_arg_index != nullptr && image_id->empty()) {
+    std::string spec = get_positional_argument(vm, (*spec_arg_index)++);
+    if (!spec.empty()) {
+      r = extract_image_id_spec(spec, pool_name, image_id);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        return r;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && pool_name->empty()) {
+    *pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (image_id != nullptr && image_id->empty()) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: image id was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_pool_group_names(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                        at::ArgumentModifier mod,
+                        size_t *spec_arg_index,
+                        std::string *pool_name,
+                        std::string *group_name) {
+  std::string pool_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_POOL_NAME : at::POOL_NAME);
+  std::string group_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_GROUP_NAME : at::GROUP_NAME);
+
+  if (vm.count(pool_key) && pool_name != nullptr) {
+    *pool_name = vm[pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+  if (vm.count(group_key) && group_name != nullptr) {
+    *group_name = vm[group_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  int r;
+  if (group_name != nullptr && spec_arg_index != nullptr &&
+      group_name->empty()) {
+    std::string spec = get_positional_argument(vm, (*spec_arg_index)++);
+    if (!spec.empty()) {
+      r = extract_group_spec(spec, pool_name, group_name);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        return r;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && pool_name->empty()) {
+    *pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (group_name != nullptr && group_name->empty()) {
+    std::string prefix = at::get_description_prefix(mod);
+    std::cerr << "rbd: "
+              << (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ? prefix : std::string())
+              << "group name was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_pool_image_snapshot_names(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                                  at::ArgumentModifier mod,
+                                  size_t *spec_arg_index,
+                                  std::string *pool_name,
+                                  std::string *image_name,
+                                  std::string *snap_name,
+                                  SnapshotPresence snapshot_presence,
+                                  SpecValidation spec_validation,
+                                  bool image_required) {
+  std::string pool_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_POOL_NAME : at::POOL_NAME);
+  std::string image_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_IMAGE_NAME : at::IMAGE_NAME);
+  std::string snap_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+       at::DEST_SNAPSHOT_NAME : at::SNAPSHOT_NAME);
+
+  if (vm.count(pool_key) && pool_name != nullptr) {
+    *pool_name = vm[pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+  if (vm.count(image_key) && image_name != nullptr) {
+    *image_name = vm[image_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+  if (vm.count(snap_key) && snap_name != nullptr) {
+     *snap_name = vm[snap_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  int r;
+  if (image_name != nullptr && !image_name->empty()) {
+    // despite the separate pool and snapshot name options,
+    // we can also specify them via the image option
+    std::string image_name_copy(*image_name);
+    r = extract_spec(image_name_copy, pool_name, image_name, snap_name,
+                     spec_validation);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (image_name != nullptr && spec_arg_index != nullptr &&
+      image_name->empty()) {
+    std::string spec = get_positional_argument(vm, (*spec_arg_index)++);
+    if (!spec.empty()) {
+      r = extract_spec(spec, pool_name, image_name, snap_name, spec_validation);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        return r;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && pool_name->empty()) {
+    *pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (image_name != nullptr && image_required && image_name->empty()) {
+    std::string prefix = at::get_description_prefix(mod);
+    std::cerr << "rbd: "
+              << (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ? prefix : std::string())
+              << "image name was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  //Validate pool name while creating/renaming/copying/cloning/importing/etc
+  if (spec_validation == SPEC_VALIDATION_FULL) {
+    boost::regex pattern("^[^@/]+?$");
+    if (!boost::regex_match (*pool_name, pattern)) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: invalid pool name '" << *pool_name << "'" << std::endl;
+      return -EINVAL;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (snap_name != nullptr) {
+    r = validate_snapshot_name(mod, *snap_name, snapshot_presence,
+                              spec_validation);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_pool_snapshot_names(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                            at::ArgumentModifier mod,
+                            size_t *spec_arg_index,
+                            std::string *pool_name,
+                            std::string *snap_name,
+                            SnapshotPresence snapshot_presence,
+                            SpecValidation spec_validation) {
+  std::string pool_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_POOL_NAME : at::POOL_NAME);
+  std::string snap_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+       at::DEST_SNAPSHOT_NAME : at::SNAPSHOT_NAME);
+
+  if (vm.count(pool_key) && pool_name != nullptr) {
+    *pool_name = vm[pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+  if (vm.count(snap_key) && snap_name != nullptr) {
+     *snap_name = vm[snap_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && pool_name->empty()) {
+    *pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (snap_name != nullptr) {
+    int r = validate_snapshot_name(mod, *snap_name, snapshot_presence,
+                                   spec_validation);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_pool_journal_names(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                          at::ArgumentModifier mod,
+                          size_t *spec_arg_index,
+                          std::string *pool_name,
+                          std::string *journal_name) {
+  std::string pool_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_POOL_NAME : at::POOL_NAME);
+  std::string image_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_IMAGE_NAME : at::IMAGE_NAME);
+  std::string journal_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_JOURNAL_NAME : at::JOURNAL_NAME);
+
+  if (vm.count(pool_key) && pool_name != nullptr) {
+    *pool_name = vm[pool_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+  if (vm.count(journal_key) && journal_name != nullptr) {
+    *journal_name = vm[journal_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  std::string image_name;
+  if (vm.count(image_key)) {
+    image_name = vm[image_key].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  int r;
+  if (journal_name != nullptr && !journal_name->empty()) {
+    // despite the separate pool option,
+    // we can also specify them via the journal option
+    std::string journal_name_copy(*journal_name);
+    r = extract_spec(journal_name_copy, pool_name, journal_name, nullptr,
+                     SPEC_VALIDATION_FULL);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!image_name.empty()) {
+    // despite the separate pool option,
+    // we can also specify them via the image option
+    std::string image_name_copy(image_name);
+    r = extract_spec(image_name_copy, pool_name, &image_name, nullptr,
+                     SPEC_VALIDATION_NONE);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (journal_name != nullptr && spec_arg_index != nullptr &&
+      journal_name->empty()) {
+    std::string spec = get_positional_argument(vm, (*spec_arg_index)++);
+    if (!spec.empty()) {
+      r = extract_spec(spec, pool_name, journal_name, nullptr,
+                       SPEC_VALIDATION_FULL);
+      if (r < 0) {
+        return r;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && pool_name->empty()) {
+    *pool_name = get_default_pool_name();
+  }
+
+  if (pool_name != nullptr && journal_name != nullptr &&
+      journal_name->empty() && !image_name.empty()) {
+    // Try to get journal name from image info.
+    librados::Rados rados;
+    librados::IoCtx io_ctx;
+    librbd::Image image;
+    int r = init_and_open_image(*pool_name, image_name, "", "", true, &rados,
+                                &io_ctx, &image);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: failed to open image " << image_name
+               << " to get journal name: " << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
+      return r;
+    }
+
+    uint64_t features;
+    r = image.features(&features);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+    if ((features & RBD_FEATURE_JOURNALING) == 0) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: journaling is not enabled for image " << image_name
+               << std::endl;
+      return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    *journal_name = image_id(image);
+  }
+
+  if (journal_name != nullptr && journal_name->empty()) {
+    std::string prefix = at::get_description_prefix(mod);
+    std::cerr << "rbd: "
+              << (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ? prefix : std::string())
+              << "journal was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int validate_snapshot_name(at::ArgumentModifier mod,
+                           const std::string &snap_name,
+                           SnapshotPresence snapshot_presence,
+                          SpecValidation spec_validation) {
+  std::string prefix = at::get_description_prefix(mod);
+  switch (snapshot_presence) {
+  case SNAPSHOT_PRESENCE_PERMITTED:
+    break;
+  case SNAPSHOT_PRESENCE_NONE:
+    if (!snap_name.empty()) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: "
+                << (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ? prefix : std::string())
+                << "snapname specified for a command that doesn't use it"
+                << std::endl;
+      return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    break;
+  case SNAPSHOT_PRESENCE_REQUIRED:
+    if (snap_name.empty()) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: "
+                << (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ? prefix : std::string())
+                << "snap name was not specified" << std::endl;
+      return -EINVAL;
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+
+  if (spec_validation == SPEC_VALIDATION_SNAP) {
+    // disallow "/" and "@" in snap name
+    boost::regex pattern("^[^@/]*?$");
+    if (!boost::regex_match (snap_name, pattern)) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: invalid snap name '" << snap_name << "'" << std::endl;
+      return -EINVAL;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_image_options(const boost::program_options::variables_map &vm,
+                     bool get_format, librbd::ImageOptions *opts) {
+  uint64_t order = 0, stripe_unit = 0, stripe_count = 0, object_size = 0;
+  uint64_t features = 0, features_clear = 0, features_set = 0;
+  std::string data_pool;
+  bool order_specified = true;
+  bool features_specified = false;
+  bool features_clear_specified = false;
+  bool features_set_specified = false;
+  bool stripe_specified = false;
+
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_ORDER)) {
+    order = vm[at::IMAGE_ORDER].as<uint64_t>();
+    std::cerr << "rbd: --order is deprecated, use --object-size"
+             << std::endl;
+  } else if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_OBJECT_SIZE)) {
+    object_size = vm[at::IMAGE_OBJECT_SIZE].as<uint64_t>();
+    order = std::round(std::log2(object_size)); 
+  } else {
+    order_specified = false;
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_FEATURES)) {
+    features = vm[at::IMAGE_FEATURES].as<uint64_t>();
+    features_specified = true;
+  } else {
+    features = get_rbd_default_features(g_ceph_context);
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_STRIPE_UNIT)) {
+    stripe_unit = vm[at::IMAGE_STRIPE_UNIT].as<uint64_t>();
+    stripe_specified = true;
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_STRIPE_COUNT)) {
+    stripe_count = vm[at::IMAGE_STRIPE_COUNT].as<uint64_t>();
+    stripe_specified = true;
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_SHARED) && vm[at::IMAGE_SHARED].as<bool>()) {
+    if (features_specified) {
+      features &= ~RBD_FEATURES_SINGLE_CLIENT;
+    } else {
+      features_clear |= RBD_FEATURES_SINGLE_CLIENT;
+      features_clear_specified = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_DATA_POOL)) {
+    data_pool = vm[at::IMAGE_DATA_POOL].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (get_format) {
+    uint64_t format = 0;
+    bool format_specified = false;
+    if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_NEW_FORMAT)) {
+      format = 2;
+      format_specified = true;
+    } else if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_FORMAT)) {
+      format = vm[at::IMAGE_FORMAT].as<uint32_t>();
+      format_specified = true;
+    }
+    if (format == 1) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: image format 1 is deprecated" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    if (features_specified && features != 0) {
+      if (format_specified && format == 1) {
+        std::cerr << "rbd: features not allowed with format 1; "
+                  << "use --image-format 2" << std::endl;
+        return -EINVAL;
+      } else {
+        format = 2;
+        format_specified = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if ((stripe_unit || stripe_count) &&
+        (stripe_unit != (1ull << order) && stripe_count != 1)) {
+      if (format_specified && format == 1) {
+        std::cerr << "rbd: non-default striping not allowed with format 1; "
+                  << "use --image-format 2" << std::endl;
+        return -EINVAL;
+      } else {
+        format = 2;
+        format_specified = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!data_pool.empty()) {
+      if (format_specified && format == 1) {
+        std::cerr << "rbd: data pool not allowed with format 1; "
+                  << "use --image-format 2" << std::endl;
+        return -EINVAL;
+      } else {
+        format = 2;
+        format_specified = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (format_specified) {
+      int r = g_conf->set_val("rbd_default_format", stringify(format));
+      assert(r == 0);
+      opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_FORMAT, format);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (order_specified)
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_ORDER, order);
+  if (features_specified)
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_FEATURES, features);
+  if (features_clear_specified) {
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_FEATURES_CLEAR, features_clear);
+  }
+  if (features_set_specified)
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_FEATURES_SET, features_set);
+  if (stripe_specified) {
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_STRIPE_UNIT, stripe_unit);
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_STRIPE_COUNT, stripe_count);
+  }
+  if (!data_pool.empty()) {
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_DATA_POOL, data_pool);
+  }
+  int r = get_journal_options(vm, opts);
+  if (r < 0) {
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_journal_options(const boost::program_options::variables_map &vm,
+                       librbd::ImageOptions *opts) {
+
+  if (vm.count(at::JOURNAL_OBJECT_SIZE)) {
+    uint64_t size = vm[at::JOURNAL_OBJECT_SIZE].as<uint64_t>();
+    uint64_t order = 12;
+    while ((1ULL << order) < size) {
+      order++;
+    }
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_JOURNAL_ORDER, order);
+
+    int r = g_conf->set_val("rbd_journal_order", stringify(order));
+    assert(r == 0);
+  }
+  if (vm.count(at::JOURNAL_SPLAY_WIDTH)) {
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_JOURNAL_SPLAY_WIDTH,
+             vm[at::JOURNAL_SPLAY_WIDTH].as<uint64_t>());
+
+    int r = g_conf->set_val("rbd_journal_splay_width",
+                           stringify(
+                             vm[at::JOURNAL_SPLAY_WIDTH].as<uint64_t>()));
+    assert(r == 0);
+  }
+  if (vm.count(at::JOURNAL_POOL)) {
+    opts->set(RBD_IMAGE_OPTION_JOURNAL_POOL,
+             vm[at::JOURNAL_POOL].as<std::string>());
+
+    int r = g_conf->set_val("rbd_journal_pool",
+                           vm[at::JOURNAL_POOL].as<std::string>());
+    assert(r == 0);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_image_size(const boost::program_options::variables_map &vm,
+                   uint64_t *size) {
+  if (vm.count(at::IMAGE_SIZE) == 0) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: must specify --size <M/G/T>" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+
+  *size = vm[at::IMAGE_SIZE].as<uint64_t>();
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_path(const boost::program_options::variables_map &vm,
+             const std::string &positional_path, std::string *path) {
+  if (!positional_path.empty()) {
+    *path = positional_path;
+  } else if (vm.count(at::PATH)) {
+    *path = vm[at::PATH].as<std::string>();
+  }
+
+  if (path->empty()) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: path was not specified" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int get_formatter(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                  at::Format::Formatter *formatter) {
+  if (vm.count(at::FORMAT)) {
+    bool pretty = vm[at::PRETTY_FORMAT].as<bool>();
+    *formatter = vm[at::FORMAT].as<at::Format>().create_formatter(pretty);
+    if (*formatter == nullptr && pretty) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: --pretty-format only works when --format "
+                << "is json or xml" << std::endl;
+      return -EINVAL;
+    } else if (*formatter != nullptr && !pretty) {
+      formatter->get()->enable_line_break();
+    }
+  } else if (vm[at::PRETTY_FORMAT].as<bool>()) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: --pretty-format only works when --format "
+              << "is json or xml" << std::endl;
+    return -EINVAL;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void init_context() {
+  g_conf->set_val_or_die("rbd_cache_writethrough_until_flush", "false");
+  g_conf->apply_changes(NULL);
+  common_init_finish(g_ceph_context);
+}
+
+int init(const std::string &pool_name, librados::Rados *rados,
+         librados::IoCtx *io_ctx) {
+  init_context();
+
+  int r = rados->init_with_context(g_ceph_context);
+  if (r < 0) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: couldn't initialize rados!" << std::endl;
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  r = rados->connect();
+  if (r < 0) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: couldn't connect to the cluster!" << std::endl;
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  r = init_io_ctx(*rados, pool_name, io_ctx);
+  if (r < 0) {
+    return r;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int init_io_ctx(librados::Rados &rados, const std::string &pool_name,
+                librados::IoCtx *io_ctx) {
+  int r = rados.ioctx_create(pool_name.c_str(), *io_ctx);
+  if (r < 0) {
+    if (r == -ENOENT && pool_name == get_default_pool_name()) {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: error opening default pool "
+                << "'" << pool_name << "'" << std::endl
+                << "Ensure that the default pool has been created or specify "
+                << "an alternate pool name." << std::endl;
+    } else {
+      std::cerr << "rbd: error opening pool '" << pool_name << "': "
+                << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
+    }
+    return r;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int open_image(librados::IoCtx &io_ctx, const std::string &image_name,
+               bool read_only, librbd::Image *image) {
+  int r;
+  librbd::RBD rbd;
+  if (read_only) {
+    r = rbd.open_read_only(io_ctx, *image, image_name.c_str(), NULL);
+  } else {
+    r = rbd.open(io_ctx, *image, image_name.c_str());
+  }
+
+  if (r < 0) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: error opening image " << image_name << ": "
+              << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
+    return r;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int open_image_by_id(librados::IoCtx &io_ctx, const std::string &image_id,
+                     bool read_only, librbd::Image *image) {
+  int r;
+  librbd::RBD rbd;
+  if (read_only) {
+    r = rbd.open_by_id_read_only(io_ctx, *image, image_id.c_str(), NULL);
+  } else {
+    r = rbd.open_by_id(io_ctx, *image, image_id.c_str());
+  }
+
+  if (r < 0) {
+    std::cerr << "rbd: error opening image with id " << image_id << ": "
+              << cpp_strerror(r) << std::endl;
+    return r;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int init_and_open_image(const std::string &pool_name,
+                        const std::string &image_name,
+                        const std::string &image_id,
+                        const std::string &snap_name, bool read_only,
+                        librados::Rados *rados, librados::IoCtx *io_ctx,
+                        librbd::Image *image) {
+  int r = init(pool_name, rados, io_ctx);
+  if (r < 0) {
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  if (image_id.empty()) {
+    r = open_image(*io_ctx, image_name, read_only, image);
+  } else {
+    r = open_image_by_id(*io_ctx, image_id, read_only, image);
+  }
+  if (r < 0) {
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  if (!snap_name.empty()) {
+    r = snap_set(*image, snap_name);
+    if (r < 0) {
+      return r;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int snap_set(librbd::Image &image, const std::string &snap_name) {
+  int r = image.snap_set(snap_name.c_str());
+  if (r < 0) {
+    std::cerr << "error setting snapshot context: " << cpp_strerror(r)
+              << std::endl;
+    return r;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void calc_sparse_extent(const bufferptr &bp,
+                        size_t sparse_size,
+                       size_t buffer_offset,
+                        uint64_t buffer_length,
+                        size_t *write_length,
+                        bool *zeroed) {
+  if (sparse_size == 0) {
+    // sparse writes are disabled -- write the full extent
+    assert(buffer_offset == 0);
+    *write_length = buffer_length;
+    *zeroed = false;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  *write_length = 0;
+  size_t original_offset = buffer_offset;
+  while (buffer_offset < buffer_length) {
+    size_t extent_size = std::min<size_t>(
+      sparse_size, buffer_length - buffer_offset);
+
+    bufferptr extent(bp, buffer_offset, extent_size);
+
+    bool extent_is_zero = extent.is_zero();
+    if (original_offset == buffer_offset) {
+      *zeroed = extent_is_zero;
+    } else if (*zeroed != extent_is_zero) {
+      assert(*write_length > 0);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    buffer_offset += extent_size;
+    *write_length += extent_size;
+  }
+}
+
+std::string image_id(librbd::Image& image) {
+  std::string id;
+  int r = image.get_id(&id);
+  if (r < 0) {
+    return std::string();
+  }
+  return id;
+}
+
+std::string mirror_image_state(librbd::mirror_image_state_t state) {
+  switch (state) {
+    case RBD_MIRROR_IMAGE_DISABLING:
+      return "disabling";
+    case RBD_MIRROR_IMAGE_ENABLED:
+      return "enabled";
+    case RBD_MIRROR_IMAGE_DISABLED:
+      return "disabled";
+    default:
+      return "unknown";
+  }
+}
+
+std::string mirror_image_status_state(librbd::mirror_image_status_state_t state) {
+  switch (state) {
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_UNKNOWN:
+    return "unknown";
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_ERROR:
+    return "error";
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_SYNCING:
+    return "syncing";
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_STARTING_REPLAY:
+    return "starting_replay";
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_REPLAYING:
+    return "replaying";
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_STOPPING_REPLAY:
+    return "stopping_replay";
+  case MIRROR_IMAGE_STATUS_STATE_STOPPED:
+    return "stopped";
+  default:
+    return "unknown (" + stringify(static_cast<uint32_t>(state)) + ")";
+  }
+}
+
+std::string mirror_image_status_state(librbd::mirror_image_status_t status) {
+  return (status.up ? "up+" : "down+") +
+    mirror_image_status_state(status.state);
+}
+
+std::string timestr(time_t t) {
+  struct tm tm;
+
+  localtime_r(&t, &tm);
+
+  char buf[32];
+  strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%F %T", &tm);
+
+  return buf;
+}
+
+uint64_t get_rbd_default_features(CephContext* cct) {
+  auto features = cct->_conf->get_val<std::string>("rbd_default_features");
+  return boost::lexical_cast<uint64_t>(features);
+}
+
+bool check_if_image_spec_present(const po::variables_map &vm,
+                                 at::ArgumentModifier mod,
+                                 size_t spec_arg_index) {
+  std::string image_key = (mod == at::ARGUMENT_MODIFIER_DEST ?
+    at::DEST_IMAGE_NAME : at::IMAGE_NAME);
+
+  if (vm.count(image_key)) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  std::string spec = get_positional_argument(vm, spec_arg_index);
+  if (!spec.empty()) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+} // namespace utils
+} // namespace rbd