// -*- mode:C++; tab-width:8; c-basic-offset:2; indent-tabs-mode:t -*-
// vim: ts=8 sw=2 smarttab

#ifndef CEPH_COMMON_SHUNIQUE_LOCK_H
#define CEPH_COMMON_SHUNIQUE_LOCK_H

#include <mutex>
#include <system_error>
#include <boost/thread/shared_mutex.hpp>

namespace ceph {
// This is a 'lock' class in the style of shared_lock and
// unique_lock. Like shared_mutex it implements both Lockable and
// SharedLockable.

// My rationale is thus: one of the advantages of unique_lock is that
// I can pass a thread of execution's control of a lock around as a
// parameter. So that methods further down the call stack can unlock
// it, do something, relock it, and have the lock state be known by
// the caller afterward, explicitly. The shared_lock class offers a
// similar advantage to shared_lock, but each class is one or the
// other. In Objecter we have calls that in most cases need /a/ lock
// on the shared mutex, and whether it's shared or exclusive doesn't
// matter. In some circumstances they may drop the shared lock and
// reacquire an exclusive one. This could be handled by passing both a
// shared and unique lock down the call stack. This is vexacious and
// shameful.

// Wanting to avoid heaping shame and vexation upon myself, I threw
// this class together.

// This class makes no attempt to support atomic upgrade or
// downgrade. I don't want either. Matt has convinced me that if you
// think you want them you've usually made a mistake somewhere. It is
// exactly and only a reification of the state held on a shared mutex.

/// Acquire unique ownership of the mutex.
struct acquire_unique_t { };

/// Acquire shared ownership of the mutex.
struct acquire_shared_t { };

constexpr acquire_unique_t acquire_unique { };
constexpr acquire_shared_t acquire_shared { };

template<typename Mutex>
class shunique_lock {
public:
  typedef Mutex mutex_type;
  typedef std::unique_lock<Mutex> unique_lock_type;
  typedef boost::shared_lock<Mutex> shared_lock_type;

  shunique_lock() noexcept : m(nullptr), o(ownership::none) { }

  // We do not provide a default locking/try_locking constructor that
  // takes only the mutex, since it is not clear whether to take it
  // shared or unique. We explicitly require the use of lock_deferred
  // to prevent Nasty Surprises.

  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, std::defer_lock_t) noexcept
    : m(&m), o(ownership::none) { }

  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, acquire_unique_t)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::none) {
    lock();
  }

  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, acquire_shared_t)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::none) {
    lock_shared();
  }

  template<typename AcquireType>
  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, AcquireType at, std::try_to_lock_t)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::none) {
    try_lock(at);
  }

  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, acquire_unique_t, std::adopt_lock_t)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::unique) {
    // You'd better actually have a lock, or I will find you and I
    // will hunt you down.
  }

  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, acquire_shared_t, std::adopt_lock_t)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::shared) {
  }

  template<typename AcquireType, typename Clock, typename Duration>
  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, AcquireType at,
		const std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& t)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::none) {
    try_lock_until(at, t);
  }

  template<typename AcquireType, typename Rep, typename Period>
  shunique_lock(mutex_type& m, AcquireType at,
		const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& dur)
    : m(&m), o(ownership::none) {
    try_lock_for(at, dur);
  }

  ~shunique_lock() {
    switch (o) {
    case ownership::none:
      return;
      break;
    case ownership::unique:
      m->unlock();
      break;
    case ownership::shared:
      m->unlock_shared();
      break;
    }
  }

  shunique_lock(shunique_lock const&) = delete;
  shunique_lock& operator=(shunique_lock const&) = delete;

  shunique_lock(shunique_lock&& l) noexcept : shunique_lock() {
    swap(l);
  }

  shunique_lock(unique_lock_type&& l) noexcept {
    if (l.owns_lock())
      o = ownership::unique;
    else
      o = ownership::none;
    m = l.release();
  }

  shunique_lock(shared_lock_type&& l) noexcept {
    if (l.owns_lock())
      o = ownership::shared;
    else
      o = ownership::none;
    m = l.release();
  }

  shunique_lock& operator=(shunique_lock&& l) noexcept {
    shunique_lock(std::move(l)).swap(*this);
    return *this;
  }

  shunique_lock& operator=(unique_lock_type&& l) noexcept {
    shunique_lock(std::move(l)).swap(*this);
    return *this;
  }

  shunique_lock& operator=(shared_lock_type&& l) noexcept {
    shunique_lock(std::move(l)).swap(*this);
    return *this;
  }

  void lock() {
    lockable();
    m->lock();
    o = ownership::unique;
  }

  void lock_shared() {
    lockable();
    m->lock_shared();
    o = ownership::shared;
  }

  void lock(ceph::acquire_unique_t) {
    lock();
  }

  void lock(ceph::acquire_shared_t) {
    lock_shared();
  }

  bool try_lock() {
    lockable();
    if (m->try_lock()) {
      o = ownership::unique;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  bool try_lock_shared() {
    lockable();
    if (m->try_lock_shared()) {
      o = ownership::shared;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  bool try_lock(ceph::acquire_unique_t) {
    return try_lock();
  }

  bool try_lock(ceph::acquire_shared_t) {
    return try_lock_shared();
  }

  template<typename Rep, typename Period>
  bool try_lock_for(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& dur) {
    lockable();
    if (m->try_lock_for(dur)) {
      o = ownership::unique;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  template<typename Rep, typename Period>
  bool try_lock_shared_for(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& dur) {
    lockable();
    if (m->try_lock_shared_for(dur)) {
      o = ownership::shared;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  template<typename Rep, typename Period>
  bool try_lock_for(ceph::acquire_unique_t,
		    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& dur) {
    return try_lock_for(dur);
  }

  template<typename Rep, typename Period>
  bool try_lock_for(ceph::acquire_shared_t,
		    const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& dur) {
    return try_lock_shared_for(dur);
  }

  template<typename Clock, typename Duration>
  bool try_lock_until(const std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& time) {
    lockable();
    if (m->try_lock_until(time)) {
      o = ownership::unique;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  template<typename Clock, typename Duration>
  bool try_lock_shared_until(const std::chrono::time_point<Clock,
			     Duration>& time) {
    lockable();
    if (m->try_lock_shared_until(time)) {
      o = ownership::shared;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  template<typename Clock, typename Duration>
  bool try_lock_until(ceph::acquire_unique_t,
		      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& time) {
    return try_lock_until(time);
  }

  template<typename Clock, typename Duration>
  bool try_lock_until(ceph::acquire_shared_t,
		      const std::chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& time) {
    return try_lock_shared_until(time);
  }

  // Only have a single unlock method. Otherwise we'd be building an
  // Acme lock class suitable only for ravenous coyotes desparate to
  // devour a road runner. It would be bad. It would be disgusting. It
  // would be infelicitous as heck. It would leave our developers in a
  // state of seeming safety unaware of the yawning chasm of failure
  // that had opened beneath their feet that would soon transition
  // into a sickening realization of the error they made and a brief
  // moment of blinking self pity before their program hurled itself
  // into undefined behaviour and plummeted up the stack with core
  // dumps trailing behind it.

  void unlock() {
    switch (o) {
    case ownership::none:
      throw std::system_error((int)std::errc::resource_deadlock_would_occur,
			      std::generic_category());
      break;

    case ownership::unique:
      m->unlock();
      break;

    case ownership::shared:
      m->unlock_shared();
      break;
    }
    o = ownership::none;
  }

  // Setters

  void swap(shunique_lock& u) noexcept {
    std::swap(m, u.m);
    std::swap(o, u.o);
  }

  mutex_type* release() noexcept {
    o = ownership::none;
    mutex_type* tm = m;
    m = nullptr;
    return tm;
  }

  // Ideally I'd rather make a move constructor for std::unique_lock
  // that took a shunique_lock, but obviously I can't.
  unique_lock_type release_to_unique() {
    if (o == ownership::unique) {
      o = ownership::none;
      unique_lock_type tu(*m, std::adopt_lock);
      m = nullptr;
      return tu;
    } else if (o == ownership::none) {
      unique_lock_type tu(*m, std::defer_lock);
      m = nullptr;
      return tu;
    } else if (m == nullptr) {
      return unique_lock_type();
    }
    throw std::system_error((int)std::errc::operation_not_permitted,
			    std::generic_category());
    return unique_lock_type();
  }

  shared_lock_type release_to_shared() {
    if (o == ownership::shared) {
      o = ownership::none;
      shared_lock_type ts(*m, std::adopt_lock);
      m = nullptr;
      return ts;
    } else if (o == ownership::none) {
      shared_lock_type ts(*m, std::defer_lock);
      m = nullptr;
      return ts;
    } else if (m == nullptr) {
      return shared_lock_type();
    }
    throw std::system_error((int)std::errc::operation_not_permitted,
			    std::generic_category());
    return shared_lock_type();
  }

  // Getters

  // Note that this returns true if the lock UNIQUE, it will return
  // false for shared
  bool owns_lock() const noexcept {
    return o == ownership::unique;
  }

  bool owns_lock_shared() const noexcept {
    return o == ownership::shared;
  }

  // If you want to make sure you have a lock of some sort on the
  // mutex, just treat as a bool.
  explicit operator bool() const noexcept {
    return o != ownership::none;
  }

  mutex_type* mutex() const noexcept {
    return m;
  }

private:
  void lockable() const {
    if (m == nullptr)
      throw std::system_error((int)std::errc::operation_not_permitted,
			      std::generic_category());
    if (o != ownership::none)
      throw std::system_error((int)std::errc::resource_deadlock_would_occur,
			      std::generic_category());
  }

  mutex_type*	m;
  enum struct ownership : uint8_t {
    none, unique, shared
      };
  ownership o;
};
} // namespace ceph

namespace std {
  template<typename Mutex>
  void swap(ceph::shunique_lock<Mutex> sh1,
	    ceph::shunique_lock<Mutex> sha) {
    sh1.swap(sha);
  }
} // namespace std

#endif // CEPH_COMMON_SHUNIQUE_LOCK_H