Add qemu 2.4.0
[kvmfornfv.git] / qemu / hw / display / qxl.c
diff --git a/qemu/hw/display/qxl.c b/qemu/hw/display/qxl.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..2288238
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,2357 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Red Hat, Inc.
+ *
+ * written by Yaniv Kamay, Izik Eidus, Gerd Hoffmann
+ * maintained by Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 or
+ * (at your option) version 3 of the License.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include <zlib.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "qemu-common.h"
+#include "qemu/timer.h"
+#include "qemu/queue.h"
+#include "qemu/atomic.h"
+#include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
+#include "trace.h"
+
+#include "qxl.h"
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM accesses memory on the pci bar and as
+ * such can be changed by the guest, so to avoid a guest trigerrable
+ * abort we just qxl_set_guest_bug and set the return to NULL. Still
+ * it may happen as a result of emulator bug as well.
+ */
+#undef SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM
+#define SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM(qxl, r, ret) {                             \
+        uint32_t prod = (r)->prod & SPICE_RING_INDEX_MASK(r);           \
+        if (prod >= ARRAY_SIZE((r)->items)) {                           \
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM indices mismatch " \
+                          "%u >= %zu", prod, ARRAY_SIZE((r)->items));   \
+            ret = NULL;                                                 \
+        } else {                                                        \
+            ret = &(r)->items[prod].el;                                 \
+        }                                                               \
+    }
+
+#undef SPICE_RING_CONS_ITEM
+#define SPICE_RING_CONS_ITEM(qxl, r, ret) {                             \
+        uint32_t cons = (r)->cons & SPICE_RING_INDEX_MASK(r);           \
+        if (cons >= ARRAY_SIZE((r)->items)) {                           \
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "SPICE_RING_CONS_ITEM indices mismatch " \
+                          "%u >= %zu", cons, ARRAY_SIZE((r)->items));   \
+            ret = NULL;                                                 \
+        } else {                                                        \
+            ret = &(r)->items[cons].el;                                 \
+        }                                                               \
+    }
+
+#undef ALIGN
+#define ALIGN(a, b) (((a) + ((b) - 1)) & ~((b) - 1))
+
+#define PIXEL_SIZE 0.2936875 //1280x1024 is 14.8" x 11.9" 
+
+#define QXL_MODE(_x, _y, _b, _o)                  \
+    {   .x_res = _x,                              \
+        .y_res = _y,                              \
+        .bits  = _b,                              \
+        .stride = (_x) * (_b) / 8,                \
+        .x_mili = PIXEL_SIZE * (_x),              \
+        .y_mili = PIXEL_SIZE * (_y),              \
+        .orientation = _o,                        \
+    }
+
+#define QXL_MODE_16_32(x_res, y_res, orientation) \
+    QXL_MODE(x_res, y_res, 16, orientation),      \
+    QXL_MODE(x_res, y_res, 32, orientation)
+
+#define QXL_MODE_EX(x_res, y_res)                 \
+    QXL_MODE_16_32(x_res, y_res, 0),              \
+    QXL_MODE_16_32(x_res, y_res, 1)
+
+static QXLMode qxl_modes[] = {
+    QXL_MODE_EX(640, 480),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(800, 480),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(800, 600),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(832, 624),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(960, 640),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1024, 600),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1024, 768),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1152, 864),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1152, 870),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1280, 720),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1280, 760),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1280, 768),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1280, 800),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1280, 960),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1280, 1024),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1360, 768),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1366, 768),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1400, 1050),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1440, 900),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1600, 900),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1600, 1200),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1680, 1050),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1920, 1080),
+    /* these modes need more than 8 MB video memory */
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1920, 1200),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(1920, 1440),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2000, 2000),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2048, 1536),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2048, 2048),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2560, 1440),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2560, 1600),
+    /* these modes need more than 16 MB video memory */
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2560, 2048),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(2800, 2100),
+    QXL_MODE_EX(3200, 2400),
+    /* these modes need more than 32 MB video memory */
+    QXL_MODE_EX(3840, 2160), /* 4k mainstream */
+    QXL_MODE_EX(4096, 2160), /* 4k            */
+    /* these modes need more than 64 MB video memory */
+    QXL_MODE_EX(7680, 4320), /* 8k mainstream */
+    /* these modes need more than 128 MB video memory */
+    QXL_MODE_EX(8192, 4320), /* 8k            */
+};
+
+static void qxl_send_events(PCIQXLDevice *d, uint32_t events);
+static int qxl_destroy_primary(PCIQXLDevice *d, qxl_async_io async);
+static void qxl_reset_memslots(PCIQXLDevice *d);
+static void qxl_reset_surfaces(PCIQXLDevice *d);
+static void qxl_ring_set_dirty(PCIQXLDevice *qxl);
+
+static void qxl_hw_update(void *opaque);
+
+void qxl_set_guest_bug(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, const char *msg, ...)
+{
+    trace_qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl->id);
+    qxl_send_events(qxl, QXL_INTERRUPT_ERROR);
+    qxl->guest_bug = 1;
+    if (qxl->guestdebug) {
+        va_list ap;
+        va_start(ap, msg);
+        fprintf(stderr, "qxl-%d: guest bug: ", qxl->id);
+        vfprintf(stderr, msg, ap);
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+        va_end(ap);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_clear_guest_bug(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    qxl->guest_bug = 0;
+}
+
+void qxl_spice_update_area(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, uint32_t surface_id,
+                           struct QXLRect *area, struct QXLRect *dirty_rects,
+                           uint32_t num_dirty_rects,
+                           uint32_t clear_dirty_region,
+                           qxl_async_io async, struct QXLCookie *cookie)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_update_area(qxl->id, surface_id, area->left, area->right,
+                                area->top, area->bottom);
+    trace_qxl_spice_update_area_rest(qxl->id, num_dirty_rects,
+                                     clear_dirty_region);
+    if (async == QXL_SYNC) {
+        spice_qxl_update_area(&qxl->ssd.qxl, surface_id, area,
+                        dirty_rects, num_dirty_rects, clear_dirty_region);
+    } else {
+        assert(cookie != NULL);
+        spice_qxl_update_area_async(&qxl->ssd.qxl, surface_id, area,
+                                    clear_dirty_region, (uintptr_t)cookie);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait_complete(PCIQXLDevice *qxl,
+                                                    uint32_t id)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait_complete(qxl->id, id);
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->track_lock);
+    qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds[id] = 0;
+    qxl->guest_surfaces.count--;
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->track_lock);
+}
+
+static void qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, uint32_t id,
+                                           qxl_async_io async)
+{
+    QXLCookie *cookie;
+
+    trace_qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait(qxl->id, id, async);
+    if (async) {
+        cookie = qxl_cookie_new(QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO,
+                                QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_ASYNC);
+        cookie->u.surface_id = id;
+        spice_qxl_destroy_surface_async(&qxl->ssd.qxl, id, (uintptr_t)cookie);
+    } else {
+        spice_qxl_destroy_surface_wait(&qxl->ssd.qxl, id);
+        qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait_complete(qxl, id);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_spice_flush_surfaces_async(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_flush_surfaces_async(qxl->id, qxl->guest_surfaces.count,
+                                         qxl->num_free_res);
+    spice_qxl_flush_surfaces_async(&qxl->ssd.qxl,
+        (uintptr_t)qxl_cookie_new(QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO,
+                                  QXL_IO_FLUSH_SURFACES_ASYNC));
+}
+
+void qxl_spice_loadvm_commands(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, struct QXLCommandExt *ext,
+                               uint32_t count)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_loadvm_commands(qxl->id, ext, count);
+    spice_qxl_loadvm_commands(&qxl->ssd.qxl, ext, count);
+}
+
+void qxl_spice_oom(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_oom(qxl->id);
+    spice_qxl_oom(&qxl->ssd.qxl);
+}
+
+void qxl_spice_reset_memslots(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_reset_memslots(qxl->id);
+    spice_qxl_reset_memslots(&qxl->ssd.qxl);
+}
+
+static void qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces_complete(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces_complete(qxl->id);
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->track_lock);
+    memset(qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds, 0,
+           sizeof(qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds[0]) * qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
+    qxl->guest_surfaces.count = 0;
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->track_lock);
+}
+
+static void qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, qxl_async_io async)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces(qxl->id, async);
+    if (async) {
+        spice_qxl_destroy_surfaces_async(&qxl->ssd.qxl,
+                (uintptr_t)qxl_cookie_new(QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO,
+                                          QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES_ASYNC));
+    } else {
+        spice_qxl_destroy_surfaces(&qxl->ssd.qxl);
+        qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces_complete(qxl);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_spice_monitors_config_async(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, int replay)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_monitors_config(qxl->id);
+    if (replay) {
+        /*
+         * don't use QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO:
+         *  - we are not running yet (post_load), we will assert
+         *    in send_events
+         *  - this is not a guest io, but a reply, so async_io isn't set.
+         */
+        spice_qxl_monitors_config_async(&qxl->ssd.qxl,
+                qxl->guest_monitors_config,
+                MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST,
+                (uintptr_t)qxl_cookie_new(
+                    QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_POST_LOAD_MONITORS_CONFIG,
+                    0));
+    } else {
+#if SPICE_SERVER_VERSION >= 0x000c06 /* release 0.12.6 */
+        if (qxl->max_outputs) {
+            spice_qxl_set_max_monitors(&qxl->ssd.qxl, qxl->max_outputs);
+        }
+#endif
+        qxl->guest_monitors_config = qxl->ram->monitors_config;
+        spice_qxl_monitors_config_async(&qxl->ssd.qxl,
+                qxl->ram->monitors_config,
+                MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST,
+                (uintptr_t)qxl_cookie_new(QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO,
+                                          QXL_IO_MONITORS_CONFIG_ASYNC));
+    }
+}
+
+void qxl_spice_reset_image_cache(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_reset_image_cache(qxl->id);
+    spice_qxl_reset_image_cache(&qxl->ssd.qxl);
+}
+
+void qxl_spice_reset_cursor(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    trace_qxl_spice_reset_cursor(qxl->id);
+    spice_qxl_reset_cursor(&qxl->ssd.qxl);
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->track_lock);
+    qxl->guest_cursor = 0;
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->track_lock);
+    if (qxl->ssd.cursor) {
+        cursor_put(qxl->ssd.cursor);
+    }
+    qxl->ssd.cursor = cursor_builtin_hidden();
+}
+
+static ram_addr_t qxl_rom_size(void)
+{
+    uint32_t required_rom_size = sizeof(QXLRom) + sizeof(QXLModes) +
+                                 sizeof(qxl_modes);
+    uint32_t rom_size = 8192; /* two pages */
+
+    QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(required_rom_size > rom_size);
+    return rom_size;
+}
+
+static void init_qxl_rom(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    QXLRom *rom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&d->rom_bar);
+    QXLModes *modes = (QXLModes *)(rom + 1);
+    uint32_t ram_header_size;
+    uint32_t surface0_area_size;
+    uint32_t num_pages;
+    uint32_t fb;
+    int i, n;
+
+    memset(rom, 0, d->rom_size);
+
+    rom->magic         = cpu_to_le32(QXL_ROM_MAGIC);
+    rom->id            = cpu_to_le32(d->id);
+    rom->log_level     = cpu_to_le32(d->guestdebug);
+    rom->modes_offset  = cpu_to_le32(sizeof(QXLRom));
+
+    rom->slot_gen_bits = MEMSLOT_GENERATION_BITS;
+    rom->slot_id_bits  = MEMSLOT_SLOT_BITS;
+    rom->slots_start   = 1;
+    rom->slots_end     = NUM_MEMSLOTS - 1;
+    rom->n_surfaces    = cpu_to_le32(d->ssd.num_surfaces);
+
+    for (i = 0, n = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(qxl_modes); i++) {
+        fb = qxl_modes[i].y_res * qxl_modes[i].stride;
+        if (fb > d->vgamem_size) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        modes->modes[n].id          = cpu_to_le32(i);
+        modes->modes[n].x_res       = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].x_res);
+        modes->modes[n].y_res       = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].y_res);
+        modes->modes[n].bits        = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].bits);
+        modes->modes[n].stride      = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].stride);
+        modes->modes[n].x_mili      = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].x_mili);
+        modes->modes[n].y_mili      = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].y_mili);
+        modes->modes[n].orientation = cpu_to_le32(qxl_modes[i].orientation);
+        n++;
+    }
+    modes->n_modes     = cpu_to_le32(n);
+
+    ram_header_size    = ALIGN(sizeof(QXLRam), 4096);
+    surface0_area_size = ALIGN(d->vgamem_size, 4096);
+    num_pages          = d->vga.vram_size;
+    num_pages         -= ram_header_size;
+    num_pages         -= surface0_area_size;
+    num_pages          = num_pages / QXL_PAGE_SIZE;
+
+    assert(ram_header_size + surface0_area_size <= d->vga.vram_size);
+
+    rom->draw_area_offset   = cpu_to_le32(0);
+    rom->surface0_area_size = cpu_to_le32(surface0_area_size);
+    rom->pages_offset       = cpu_to_le32(surface0_area_size);
+    rom->num_pages          = cpu_to_le32(num_pages);
+    rom->ram_header_offset  = cpu_to_le32(d->vga.vram_size - ram_header_size);
+
+    d->shadow_rom = *rom;
+    d->rom        = rom;
+    d->modes      = modes;
+}
+
+static void init_qxl_ram(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    uint8_t *buf;
+    uint64_t *item;
+
+    buf = d->vga.vram_ptr;
+    d->ram = (QXLRam *)(buf + le32_to_cpu(d->shadow_rom.ram_header_offset));
+    d->ram->magic       = cpu_to_le32(QXL_RAM_MAGIC);
+    d->ram->int_pending = cpu_to_le32(0);
+    d->ram->int_mask    = cpu_to_le32(0);
+    d->ram->update_surface = 0;
+    d->ram->monitors_config = 0;
+    SPICE_RING_INIT(&d->ram->cmd_ring);
+    SPICE_RING_INIT(&d->ram->cursor_ring);
+    SPICE_RING_INIT(&d->ram->release_ring);
+    SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM(d, &d->ram->release_ring, item);
+    assert(item);
+    *item = 0;
+    qxl_ring_set_dirty(d);
+}
+
+/* can be called from spice server thread context */
+static void qxl_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, ram_addr_t addr, ram_addr_t end)
+{
+    memory_region_set_dirty(mr, addr, end - addr);
+}
+
+static void qxl_rom_set_dirty(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    qxl_set_dirty(&qxl->rom_bar, 0, qxl->rom_size);
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static void qxl_ram_set_dirty(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, void *ptr)
+{
+    void *base = qxl->vga.vram_ptr;
+    intptr_t offset;
+
+    offset = ptr - base;
+    assert(offset < qxl->vga.vram_size);
+    qxl_set_dirty(&qxl->vga.vram, offset, offset + 3);
+}
+
+/* can be called from spice server thread context */
+static void qxl_ring_set_dirty(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    ram_addr_t addr = qxl->shadow_rom.ram_header_offset;
+    ram_addr_t end  = qxl->vga.vram_size;
+    qxl_set_dirty(&qxl->vga.vram, addr, end);
+}
+
+/*
+ * keep track of some command state, for savevm/loadvm.
+ * called from spice server thread context only
+ */
+static int qxl_track_command(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, struct QXLCommandExt *ext)
+{
+    switch (le32_to_cpu(ext->cmd.type)) {
+    case QXL_CMD_SURFACE:
+    {
+        QXLSurfaceCmd *cmd = qxl_phys2virt(qxl, ext->cmd.data, ext->group_id);
+
+        if (!cmd) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        uint32_t id = le32_to_cpu(cmd->surface_id);
+
+        if (id >= qxl->ssd.num_surfaces) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "QXL_CMD_SURFACE id %d >= %d", id,
+                              qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
+            return 1;
+        }
+        if (cmd->type == QXL_SURFACE_CMD_CREATE &&
+            (cmd->u.surface_create.stride & 0x03) != 0) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "QXL_CMD_SURFACE stride = %d %% 4 != 0\n",
+                              cmd->u.surface_create.stride);
+            return 1;
+        }
+        qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->track_lock);
+        if (cmd->type == QXL_SURFACE_CMD_CREATE) {
+            qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds[id] = ext->cmd.data;
+            qxl->guest_surfaces.count++;
+            if (qxl->guest_surfaces.max < qxl->guest_surfaces.count)
+                qxl->guest_surfaces.max = qxl->guest_surfaces.count;
+        }
+        if (cmd->type == QXL_SURFACE_CMD_DESTROY) {
+            qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds[id] = 0;
+            qxl->guest_surfaces.count--;
+        }
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->track_lock);
+        break;
+    }
+    case QXL_CMD_CURSOR:
+    {
+        QXLCursorCmd *cmd = qxl_phys2virt(qxl, ext->cmd.data, ext->group_id);
+
+        if (!cmd) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+        if (cmd->type == QXL_CURSOR_SET) {
+            qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->track_lock);
+            qxl->guest_cursor = ext->cmd.data;
+            qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->track_lock);
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* spice display interface callbacks */
+
+static void interface_attach_worker(QXLInstance *sin, QXLWorker *qxl_worker)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+
+    trace_qxl_interface_attach_worker(qxl->id);
+    qxl->ssd.worker = qxl_worker;
+}
+
+static void interface_set_compression_level(QXLInstance *sin, int level)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+
+    trace_qxl_interface_set_compression_level(qxl->id, level);
+    qxl->shadow_rom.compression_level = cpu_to_le32(level);
+    qxl->rom->compression_level = cpu_to_le32(level);
+    qxl_rom_set_dirty(qxl);
+}
+
+static void interface_set_mm_time(QXLInstance *sin, uint32_t mm_time)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+
+    if (!qemu_spice_display_is_running(&qxl->ssd)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    trace_qxl_interface_set_mm_time(qxl->id, mm_time);
+    qxl->shadow_rom.mm_clock = cpu_to_le32(mm_time);
+    qxl->rom->mm_clock = cpu_to_le32(mm_time);
+    qxl_rom_set_dirty(qxl);
+}
+
+static void interface_get_init_info(QXLInstance *sin, QXLDevInitInfo *info)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+
+    trace_qxl_interface_get_init_info(qxl->id);
+    info->memslot_gen_bits = MEMSLOT_GENERATION_BITS;
+    info->memslot_id_bits = MEMSLOT_SLOT_BITS;
+    info->num_memslots = NUM_MEMSLOTS;
+    info->num_memslots_groups = NUM_MEMSLOTS_GROUPS;
+    info->internal_groupslot_id = 0;
+    info->qxl_ram_size =
+        le32_to_cpu(qxl->shadow_rom.num_pages) << QXL_PAGE_BITS;
+    info->n_surfaces = qxl->ssd.num_surfaces;
+}
+
+static const char *qxl_mode_to_string(int mode)
+{
+    switch (mode) {
+    case QXL_MODE_COMPAT:
+        return "compat";
+    case QXL_MODE_NATIVE:
+        return "native";
+    case QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED:
+        return "undefined";
+    case QXL_MODE_VGA:
+        return "vga";
+    }
+    return "INVALID";
+}
+
+static const char *io_port_to_string(uint32_t io_port)
+{
+    if (io_port >= QXL_IO_RANGE_SIZE) {
+        return "out of range";
+    }
+    static const char *io_port_to_string[QXL_IO_RANGE_SIZE + 1] = {
+        [QXL_IO_NOTIFY_CMD]             = "QXL_IO_NOTIFY_CMD",
+        [QXL_IO_NOTIFY_CURSOR]          = "QXL_IO_NOTIFY_CURSOR",
+        [QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA]            = "QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA",
+        [QXL_IO_UPDATE_IRQ]             = "QXL_IO_UPDATE_IRQ",
+        [QXL_IO_NOTIFY_OOM]             = "QXL_IO_NOTIFY_OOM",
+        [QXL_IO_RESET]                  = "QXL_IO_RESET",
+        [QXL_IO_SET_MODE]               = "QXL_IO_SET_MODE",
+        [QXL_IO_LOG]                    = "QXL_IO_LOG",
+        [QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD]            = "QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD",
+        [QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_DEL]            = "QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_DEL",
+        [QXL_IO_DETACH_PRIMARY]         = "QXL_IO_DETACH_PRIMARY",
+        [QXL_IO_ATTACH_PRIMARY]         = "QXL_IO_ATTACH_PRIMARY",
+        [QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY]         = "QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY",
+        [QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY]        = "QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY",
+        [QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_WAIT]   = "QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_WAIT",
+        [QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES]   = "QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES",
+        [QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA_ASYNC]      = "QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD_ASYNC]      = "QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY_ASYNC]   = "QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY_ASYNC]  = "QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_ASYNC]  = "QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES_ASYNC]
+                                        = "QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_FLUSH_SURFACES_ASYNC]   = "QXL_IO_FLUSH_SURFACES_ASYNC",
+        [QXL_IO_FLUSH_RELEASE]          = "QXL_IO_FLUSH_RELEASE",
+        [QXL_IO_MONITORS_CONFIG_ASYNC]  = "QXL_IO_MONITORS_CONFIG_ASYNC",
+    };
+    return io_port_to_string[io_port];
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static int interface_get_command(QXLInstance *sin, struct QXLCommandExt *ext)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    SimpleSpiceUpdate *update;
+    QXLCommandRing *ring;
+    QXLCommand *cmd;
+    int notify, ret;
+
+    trace_qxl_ring_command_check(qxl->id, qxl_mode_to_string(qxl->mode));
+
+    switch (qxl->mode) {
+    case QXL_MODE_VGA:
+        ret = false;
+        qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->ssd.lock);
+        update = QTAILQ_FIRST(&qxl->ssd.updates);
+        if (update != NULL) {
+            QTAILQ_REMOVE(&qxl->ssd.updates, update, next);
+            *ext = update->ext;
+            ret = true;
+        }
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->ssd.lock);
+        if (ret) {
+            trace_qxl_ring_command_get(qxl->id, qxl_mode_to_string(qxl->mode));
+            qxl_log_command(qxl, "vga", ext);
+        }
+        return ret;
+    case QXL_MODE_COMPAT:
+    case QXL_MODE_NATIVE:
+    case QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED:
+        ring = &qxl->ram->cmd_ring;
+        if (qxl->guest_bug || SPICE_RING_IS_EMPTY(ring)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        SPICE_RING_CONS_ITEM(qxl, ring, cmd);
+        if (!cmd) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        ext->cmd      = *cmd;
+        ext->group_id = MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST;
+        ext->flags    = qxl->cmdflags;
+        SPICE_RING_POP(ring, notify);
+        qxl_ring_set_dirty(qxl);
+        if (notify) {
+            qxl_send_events(qxl, QXL_INTERRUPT_DISPLAY);
+        }
+        qxl->guest_primary.commands++;
+        qxl_track_command(qxl, ext);
+        qxl_log_command(qxl, "cmd", ext);
+        trace_qxl_ring_command_get(qxl->id, qxl_mode_to_string(qxl->mode));
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static int interface_req_cmd_notification(QXLInstance *sin)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    int wait = 1;
+
+    trace_qxl_ring_command_req_notification(qxl->id);
+    switch (qxl->mode) {
+    case QXL_MODE_COMPAT:
+    case QXL_MODE_NATIVE:
+    case QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED:
+        SPICE_RING_CONS_WAIT(&qxl->ram->cmd_ring, wait);
+        qxl_ring_set_dirty(qxl);
+        break;
+    default:
+        /* nothing */
+        break;
+    }
+    return wait;
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static inline void qxl_push_free_res(PCIQXLDevice *d, int flush)
+{
+    QXLReleaseRing *ring = &d->ram->release_ring;
+    uint64_t *item;
+    int notify;
+
+#define QXL_FREE_BUNCH_SIZE 32
+
+    if (ring->prod - ring->cons + 1 == ring->num_items) {
+        /* ring full -- can't push */
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!flush && d->oom_running) {
+        /* collect everything from oom handler before pushing */
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!flush && d->num_free_res < QXL_FREE_BUNCH_SIZE) {
+        /* collect a bit more before pushing */
+        return;
+    }
+
+    SPICE_RING_PUSH(ring, notify);
+    trace_qxl_ring_res_push(d->id, qxl_mode_to_string(d->mode),
+           d->guest_surfaces.count, d->num_free_res,
+           d->last_release, notify ? "yes" : "no");
+    trace_qxl_ring_res_push_rest(d->id, ring->prod - ring->cons,
+           ring->num_items, ring->prod, ring->cons);
+    if (notify) {
+        qxl_send_events(d, QXL_INTERRUPT_DISPLAY);
+    }
+    SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM(d, ring, item);
+    if (!item) {
+        return;
+    }
+    *item = 0;
+    d->num_free_res = 0;
+    d->last_release = NULL;
+    qxl_ring_set_dirty(d);
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static void interface_release_resource(QXLInstance *sin,
+                                       QXLReleaseInfoExt ext)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    QXLReleaseRing *ring;
+    uint64_t *item, id;
+
+    if (ext.group_id == MEMSLOT_GROUP_HOST) {
+        /* host group -> vga mode update request */
+        QXLCommandExt *cmdext = (void *)(intptr_t)(ext.info->id);
+        SimpleSpiceUpdate *update;
+        g_assert(cmdext->cmd.type == QXL_CMD_DRAW);
+        update = container_of(cmdext, SimpleSpiceUpdate, ext);
+        qemu_spice_destroy_update(&qxl->ssd, update);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * ext->info points into guest-visible memory
+     * pci bar 0, $command.release_info
+     */
+    ring = &qxl->ram->release_ring;
+    SPICE_RING_PROD_ITEM(qxl, ring, item);
+    if (!item) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (*item == 0) {
+        /* stick head into the ring */
+        id = ext.info->id;
+        ext.info->next = 0;
+        qxl_ram_set_dirty(qxl, &ext.info->next);
+        *item = id;
+        qxl_ring_set_dirty(qxl);
+    } else {
+        /* append item to the list */
+        qxl->last_release->next = ext.info->id;
+        qxl_ram_set_dirty(qxl, &qxl->last_release->next);
+        ext.info->next = 0;
+        qxl_ram_set_dirty(qxl, &ext.info->next);
+    }
+    qxl->last_release = ext.info;
+    qxl->num_free_res++;
+    trace_qxl_ring_res_put(qxl->id, qxl->num_free_res);
+    qxl_push_free_res(qxl, 0);
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static int interface_get_cursor_command(QXLInstance *sin, struct QXLCommandExt *ext)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    QXLCursorRing *ring;
+    QXLCommand *cmd;
+    int notify;
+
+    trace_qxl_ring_cursor_check(qxl->id, qxl_mode_to_string(qxl->mode));
+
+    switch (qxl->mode) {
+    case QXL_MODE_COMPAT:
+    case QXL_MODE_NATIVE:
+    case QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED:
+        ring = &qxl->ram->cursor_ring;
+        if (SPICE_RING_IS_EMPTY(ring)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        SPICE_RING_CONS_ITEM(qxl, ring, cmd);
+        if (!cmd) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        ext->cmd      = *cmd;
+        ext->group_id = MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST;
+        ext->flags    = qxl->cmdflags;
+        SPICE_RING_POP(ring, notify);
+        qxl_ring_set_dirty(qxl);
+        if (notify) {
+            qxl_send_events(qxl, QXL_INTERRUPT_CURSOR);
+        }
+        qxl->guest_primary.commands++;
+        qxl_track_command(qxl, ext);
+        qxl_log_command(qxl, "csr", ext);
+        if (qxl->id == 0) {
+            qxl_render_cursor(qxl, ext);
+        }
+        trace_qxl_ring_cursor_get(qxl->id, qxl_mode_to_string(qxl->mode));
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static int interface_req_cursor_notification(QXLInstance *sin)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    int wait = 1;
+
+    trace_qxl_ring_cursor_req_notification(qxl->id);
+    switch (qxl->mode) {
+    case QXL_MODE_COMPAT:
+    case QXL_MODE_NATIVE:
+    case QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED:
+        SPICE_RING_CONS_WAIT(&qxl->ram->cursor_ring, wait);
+        qxl_ring_set_dirty(qxl);
+        break;
+    default:
+        /* nothing */
+        break;
+    }
+    return wait;
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context */
+static void interface_notify_update(QXLInstance *sin, uint32_t update_id)
+{
+    /*
+     * Called by spice-server as a result of a QXL_CMD_UPDATE which is not in
+     * use by xf86-video-qxl and is defined out in the qxl windows driver.
+     * Probably was at some earlier version that is prior to git start (2009),
+     * and is still guest trigerrable.
+     */
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: deprecated\n", __func__);
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static int interface_flush_resources(QXLInstance *sin)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    int ret;
+
+    ret = qxl->num_free_res;
+    if (ret) {
+        qxl_push_free_res(qxl, 1);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static void qxl_create_guest_primary_complete(PCIQXLDevice *d);
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static void interface_async_complete_io(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, QXLCookie *cookie)
+{
+    uint32_t current_async;
+
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->async_lock);
+    current_async = qxl->current_async;
+    qxl->current_async = QXL_UNDEFINED_IO;
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->async_lock);
+
+    trace_qxl_interface_async_complete_io(qxl->id, current_async, cookie);
+    if (!cookie) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "qxl: %s: error, cookie is NULL\n", __func__);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (cookie && current_async != cookie->io) {
+        fprintf(stderr,
+                "qxl: %s: error: current_async = %d != %"
+                PRId64 " = cookie->io\n", __func__, current_async, cookie->io);
+    }
+    switch (current_async) {
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD_ASYNC:
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY_ASYNC:
+    case QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA_ASYNC:
+    case QXL_IO_FLUSH_SURFACES_ASYNC:
+    case QXL_IO_MONITORS_CONFIG_ASYNC:
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY_ASYNC:
+        qxl_create_guest_primary_complete(qxl);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES_ASYNC:
+        qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces_complete(qxl);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_ASYNC:
+        qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait_complete(qxl, cookie->u.surface_id);
+        break;
+    default:
+        fprintf(stderr, "qxl: %s: unexpected current_async %d\n", __func__,
+                current_async);
+    }
+    qxl_send_events(qxl, QXL_INTERRUPT_IO_CMD);
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static void interface_update_area_complete(QXLInstance *sin,
+        uint32_t surface_id,
+        QXLRect *dirty, uint32_t num_updated_rects)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    int i;
+    int qxl_i;
+
+    qemu_mutex_lock(&qxl->ssd.lock);
+    if (surface_id != 0 || !qxl->render_update_cookie_num) {
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->ssd.lock);
+        return;
+    }
+    trace_qxl_interface_update_area_complete(qxl->id, surface_id, dirty->left,
+            dirty->right, dirty->top, dirty->bottom);
+    trace_qxl_interface_update_area_complete_rest(qxl->id, num_updated_rects);
+    if (qxl->num_dirty_rects + num_updated_rects > QXL_NUM_DIRTY_RECTS) {
+        /*
+         * overflow - treat this as a full update. Not expected to be common.
+         */
+        trace_qxl_interface_update_area_complete_overflow(qxl->id,
+                                                          QXL_NUM_DIRTY_RECTS);
+        qxl->guest_primary.resized = 1;
+    }
+    if (qxl->guest_primary.resized) {
+        /*
+         * Don't bother copying or scheduling the bh since we will flip
+         * the whole area anyway on completion of the update_area async call
+         */
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->ssd.lock);
+        return;
+    }
+    qxl_i = qxl->num_dirty_rects;
+    for (i = 0; i < num_updated_rects; i++) {
+        qxl->dirty[qxl_i++] = dirty[i];
+    }
+    qxl->num_dirty_rects += num_updated_rects;
+    trace_qxl_interface_update_area_complete_schedule_bh(qxl->id,
+                                                         qxl->num_dirty_rects);
+    qemu_bh_schedule(qxl->update_area_bh);
+    qemu_mutex_unlock(&qxl->ssd.lock);
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static void interface_async_complete(QXLInstance *sin, uint64_t cookie_token)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    QXLCookie *cookie = (QXLCookie *)(uintptr_t)cookie_token;
+
+    switch (cookie->type) {
+    case QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO:
+        interface_async_complete_io(qxl, cookie);
+        g_free(cookie);
+        break;
+    case QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_RENDER_UPDATE_AREA:
+        qxl_render_update_area_done(qxl, cookie);
+        break;
+    case QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_POST_LOAD_MONITORS_CONFIG:
+        break;
+    default:
+        fprintf(stderr, "qxl: %s: unexpected cookie type %d\n",
+                __func__, cookie->type);
+        g_free(cookie);
+    }
+}
+
+/* called from spice server thread context only */
+static void interface_set_client_capabilities(QXLInstance *sin,
+                                              uint8_t client_present,
+                                              uint8_t caps[58])
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+
+    if (qxl->revision < 4) {
+        trace_qxl_set_client_capabilities_unsupported_by_revision(qxl->id,
+                                                              qxl->revision);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (runstate_check(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE) ||
+        runstate_check(RUN_STATE_POSTMIGRATE)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    qxl->shadow_rom.client_present = client_present;
+    memcpy(qxl->shadow_rom.client_capabilities, caps,
+           sizeof(qxl->shadow_rom.client_capabilities));
+    qxl->rom->client_present = client_present;
+    memcpy(qxl->rom->client_capabilities, caps,
+           sizeof(qxl->rom->client_capabilities));
+    qxl_rom_set_dirty(qxl);
+
+    qxl_send_events(qxl, QXL_INTERRUPT_CLIENT);
+}
+
+static uint32_t qxl_crc32(const uint8_t *p, unsigned len)
+{
+    /*
+     * zlib xors the seed with 0xffffffff, and xors the result
+     * again with 0xffffffff; Both are not done with linux's crc32,
+     * which we want to be compatible with, so undo that.
+     */
+    return crc32(0xffffffff, p, len) ^ 0xffffffff;
+}
+
+/* called from main context only */
+static int interface_client_monitors_config(QXLInstance *sin,
+                                        VDAgentMonitorsConfig *monitors_config)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(sin, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.qxl);
+    QXLRom *rom = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->rom_bar);
+    int i;
+    unsigned max_outputs = ARRAY_SIZE(rom->client_monitors_config.heads);
+
+    if (qxl->revision < 4) {
+        trace_qxl_client_monitors_config_unsupported_by_device(qxl->id,
+                                                               qxl->revision);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    /*
+     * Older windows drivers set int_mask to 0 when their ISR is called,
+     * then later set it to ~0. So it doesn't relate to the actual interrupts
+     * handled. However, they are old, so clearly they don't support this
+     * interrupt
+     */
+    if (qxl->ram->int_mask == 0 || qxl->ram->int_mask == ~0 ||
+        !(qxl->ram->int_mask & QXL_INTERRUPT_CLIENT_MONITORS_CONFIG)) {
+        trace_qxl_client_monitors_config_unsupported_by_guest(qxl->id,
+                                                            qxl->ram->int_mask,
+                                                            monitors_config);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (!monitors_config) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+#if SPICE_SERVER_VERSION >= 0x000c06 /* release 0.12.6 */
+    /* limit number of outputs based on setting limit */
+    if (qxl->max_outputs && qxl->max_outputs <= max_outputs) {
+        max_outputs = qxl->max_outputs;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    memset(&rom->client_monitors_config, 0,
+           sizeof(rom->client_monitors_config));
+    rom->client_monitors_config.count = monitors_config->num_of_monitors;
+    /* monitors_config->flags ignored */
+    if (rom->client_monitors_config.count >= max_outputs) {
+        trace_qxl_client_monitors_config_capped(qxl->id,
+                                monitors_config->num_of_monitors,
+                                max_outputs);
+        rom->client_monitors_config.count = max_outputs;
+    }
+    for (i = 0 ; i < rom->client_monitors_config.count ; ++i) {
+        VDAgentMonConfig *monitor = &monitors_config->monitors[i];
+        QXLURect *rect = &rom->client_monitors_config.heads[i];
+        /* monitor->depth ignored */
+        rect->left = monitor->x;
+        rect->top = monitor->y;
+        rect->right = monitor->x + monitor->width;
+        rect->bottom = monitor->y + monitor->height;
+    }
+    rom->client_monitors_config_crc = qxl_crc32(
+            (const uint8_t *)&rom->client_monitors_config,
+            sizeof(rom->client_monitors_config));
+    trace_qxl_client_monitors_config_crc(qxl->id,
+            sizeof(rom->client_monitors_config),
+            rom->client_monitors_config_crc);
+
+    trace_qxl_interrupt_client_monitors_config(qxl->id,
+                        rom->client_monitors_config.count,
+                        rom->client_monitors_config.heads);
+    qxl_send_events(qxl, QXL_INTERRUPT_CLIENT_MONITORS_CONFIG);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static const QXLInterface qxl_interface = {
+    .base.type               = SPICE_INTERFACE_QXL,
+    .base.description        = "qxl gpu",
+    .base.major_version      = SPICE_INTERFACE_QXL_MAJOR,
+    .base.minor_version      = SPICE_INTERFACE_QXL_MINOR,
+
+    .attache_worker          = interface_attach_worker,
+    .set_compression_level   = interface_set_compression_level,
+    .set_mm_time             = interface_set_mm_time,
+    .get_init_info           = interface_get_init_info,
+
+    /* the callbacks below are called from spice server thread context */
+    .get_command             = interface_get_command,
+    .req_cmd_notification    = interface_req_cmd_notification,
+    .release_resource        = interface_release_resource,
+    .get_cursor_command      = interface_get_cursor_command,
+    .req_cursor_notification = interface_req_cursor_notification,
+    .notify_update           = interface_notify_update,
+    .flush_resources         = interface_flush_resources,
+    .async_complete          = interface_async_complete,
+    .update_area_complete    = interface_update_area_complete,
+    .set_client_capabilities = interface_set_client_capabilities,
+    .client_monitors_config = interface_client_monitors_config,
+};
+
+static const GraphicHwOps qxl_ops = {
+    .gfx_update  = qxl_hw_update,
+};
+
+static void qxl_enter_vga_mode(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    if (d->mode == QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+        return;
+    }
+    trace_qxl_enter_vga_mode(d->id);
+#if SPICE_SERVER_VERSION >= 0x000c03 /* release 0.12.3 */
+    spice_qxl_driver_unload(&d->ssd.qxl);
+#endif
+    graphic_console_set_hwops(d->ssd.dcl.con, d->vga.hw_ops, &d->vga);
+    update_displaychangelistener(&d->ssd.dcl, GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL_DEFAULT);
+    qemu_spice_create_host_primary(&d->ssd);
+    d->mode = QXL_MODE_VGA;
+    vga_dirty_log_start(&d->vga);
+    graphic_hw_update(d->vga.con);
+}
+
+static void qxl_exit_vga_mode(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    if (d->mode != QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+        return;
+    }
+    trace_qxl_exit_vga_mode(d->id);
+    graphic_console_set_hwops(d->ssd.dcl.con, &qxl_ops, d);
+    update_displaychangelistener(&d->ssd.dcl, GUI_REFRESH_INTERVAL_IDLE);
+    vga_dirty_log_stop(&d->vga);
+    qxl_destroy_primary(d, QXL_SYNC);
+}
+
+static void qxl_update_irq(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    uint32_t pending = le32_to_cpu(d->ram->int_pending);
+    uint32_t mask    = le32_to_cpu(d->ram->int_mask);
+    int level = !!(pending & mask);
+    pci_set_irq(&d->pci, level);
+    qxl_ring_set_dirty(d);
+}
+
+static void qxl_check_state(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    QXLRam *ram = d->ram;
+    int spice_display_running = qemu_spice_display_is_running(&d->ssd);
+
+    assert(!spice_display_running || SPICE_RING_IS_EMPTY(&ram->cmd_ring));
+    assert(!spice_display_running || SPICE_RING_IS_EMPTY(&ram->cursor_ring));
+}
+
+static void qxl_reset_state(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    QXLRom *rom = d->rom;
+
+    qxl_check_state(d);
+    d->shadow_rom.update_id = cpu_to_le32(0);
+    *rom = d->shadow_rom;
+    qxl_rom_set_dirty(d);
+    init_qxl_ram(d);
+    d->num_free_res = 0;
+    d->last_release = NULL;
+    memset(&d->ssd.dirty, 0, sizeof(d->ssd.dirty));
+    qxl_update_irq(d);
+}
+
+static void qxl_soft_reset(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    trace_qxl_soft_reset(d->id);
+    qxl_check_state(d);
+    qxl_clear_guest_bug(d);
+    d->current_async = QXL_UNDEFINED_IO;
+
+    if (d->id == 0) {
+        qxl_enter_vga_mode(d);
+    } else {
+        d->mode = QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED;
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_hard_reset(PCIQXLDevice *d, int loadvm)
+{
+    bool startstop = qemu_spice_display_is_running(&d->ssd);
+
+    trace_qxl_hard_reset(d->id, loadvm);
+
+    if (startstop) {
+        qemu_spice_display_stop();
+    }
+
+    qxl_spice_reset_cursor(d);
+    qxl_spice_reset_image_cache(d);
+    qxl_reset_surfaces(d);
+    qxl_reset_memslots(d);
+
+    /* pre loadvm reset must not touch QXLRam.  This lives in
+     * device memory, is migrated together with RAM and thus
+     * already loaded at this point */
+    if (!loadvm) {
+        qxl_reset_state(d);
+    }
+    qemu_spice_create_host_memslot(&d->ssd);
+    qxl_soft_reset(d);
+
+    if (startstop) {
+        qemu_spice_display_start();
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_reset_handler(DeviceState *dev)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *d = PCI_QXL(PCI_DEVICE(dev));
+
+    qxl_hard_reset(d, 0);
+}
+
+static void qxl_vga_ioport_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
+{
+    VGACommonState *vga = opaque;
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(vga, PCIQXLDevice, vga);
+
+    trace_qxl_io_write_vga(qxl->id, qxl_mode_to_string(qxl->mode), addr, val);
+    if (qxl->mode != QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+        qxl_destroy_primary(qxl, QXL_SYNC);
+        qxl_soft_reset(qxl);
+    }
+    vga_ioport_write(opaque, addr, val);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionPortio qxl_vga_portio_list[] = {
+    { 0x04,  2, 1, .read  = vga_ioport_read,
+                   .write = qxl_vga_ioport_write }, /* 3b4 */
+    { 0x0a,  1, 1, .read  = vga_ioport_read,
+                   .write = qxl_vga_ioport_write }, /* 3ba */
+    { 0x10, 16, 1, .read  = vga_ioport_read,
+                   .write = qxl_vga_ioport_write }, /* 3c0 */
+    { 0x24,  2, 1, .read  = vga_ioport_read,
+                   .write = qxl_vga_ioport_write }, /* 3d4 */
+    { 0x2a,  1, 1, .read  = vga_ioport_read,
+                   .write = qxl_vga_ioport_write }, /* 3da */
+    PORTIO_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static int qxl_add_memslot(PCIQXLDevice *d, uint32_t slot_id, uint64_t delta,
+                           qxl_async_io async)
+{
+    static const int regions[] = {
+        QXL_RAM_RANGE_INDEX,
+        QXL_VRAM_RANGE_INDEX,
+        QXL_VRAM64_RANGE_INDEX,
+    };
+    uint64_t guest_start;
+    uint64_t guest_end;
+    int pci_region;
+    pcibus_t pci_start;
+    pcibus_t pci_end;
+    intptr_t virt_start;
+    QXLDevMemSlot memslot;
+    int i;
+
+    guest_start = le64_to_cpu(d->guest_slots[slot_id].slot.mem_start);
+    guest_end   = le64_to_cpu(d->guest_slots[slot_id].slot.mem_end);
+
+    trace_qxl_memslot_add_guest(d->id, slot_id, guest_start, guest_end);
+
+    if (slot_id >= NUM_MEMSLOTS) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "%s: slot_id >= NUM_MEMSLOTS %d >= %d", __func__,
+                      slot_id, NUM_MEMSLOTS);
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (guest_start > guest_end) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "%s: guest_start > guest_end 0x%" PRIx64
+                         " > 0x%" PRIx64, __func__, guest_start, guest_end);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(regions); i++) {
+        pci_region = regions[i];
+        pci_start = d->pci.io_regions[pci_region].addr;
+        pci_end = pci_start + d->pci.io_regions[pci_region].size;
+        /* mapped? */
+        if (pci_start == -1) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* start address in range ? */
+        if (guest_start < pci_start || guest_start > pci_end) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* end address in range ? */
+        if (guest_end > pci_end) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* passed */
+        break;
+    }
+    if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(regions)) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "%s: finished loop without match", __func__);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    switch (pci_region) {
+    case QXL_RAM_RANGE_INDEX:
+        virt_start = (intptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&d->vga.vram);
+        break;
+    case QXL_VRAM_RANGE_INDEX:
+    case 4 /* vram 64bit */:
+        virt_start = (intptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&d->vram_bar);
+        break;
+    default:
+        /* should not happen */
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "%s: pci_region = %d", __func__, pci_region);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    memslot.slot_id = slot_id;
+    memslot.slot_group_id = MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST; /* guest group */
+    memslot.virt_start = virt_start + (guest_start - pci_start);
+    memslot.virt_end   = virt_start + (guest_end   - pci_start);
+    memslot.addr_delta = memslot.virt_start - delta;
+    memslot.generation = d->rom->slot_generation = 0;
+    qxl_rom_set_dirty(d);
+
+    qemu_spice_add_memslot(&d->ssd, &memslot, async);
+    d->guest_slots[slot_id].ptr = (void*)memslot.virt_start;
+    d->guest_slots[slot_id].size = memslot.virt_end - memslot.virt_start;
+    d->guest_slots[slot_id].delta = delta;
+    d->guest_slots[slot_id].active = 1;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void qxl_del_memslot(PCIQXLDevice *d, uint32_t slot_id)
+{
+    qemu_spice_del_memslot(&d->ssd, MEMSLOT_GROUP_HOST, slot_id);
+    d->guest_slots[slot_id].active = 0;
+}
+
+static void qxl_reset_memslots(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    qxl_spice_reset_memslots(d);
+    memset(&d->guest_slots, 0, sizeof(d->guest_slots));
+}
+
+static void qxl_reset_surfaces(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    trace_qxl_reset_surfaces(d->id);
+    d->mode = QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED;
+    qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces(d, QXL_SYNC);
+}
+
+/* can be also called from spice server thread context */
+void *qxl_phys2virt(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, QXLPHYSICAL pqxl, int group_id)
+{
+    uint64_t phys   = le64_to_cpu(pqxl);
+    uint32_t slot   = (phys >> (64 -  8)) & 0xff;
+    uint64_t offset = phys & 0xffffffffffff;
+
+    switch (group_id) {
+    case MEMSLOT_GROUP_HOST:
+        return (void *)(intptr_t)offset;
+    case MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST:
+        if (slot >= NUM_MEMSLOTS) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "slot too large %d >= %d", slot,
+                              NUM_MEMSLOTS);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (!qxl->guest_slots[slot].active) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "inactive slot %d\n", slot);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (offset < qxl->guest_slots[slot].delta) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl,
+                          "slot %d offset %"PRIu64" < delta %"PRIu64"\n",
+                          slot, offset, qxl->guest_slots[slot].delta);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        offset -= qxl->guest_slots[slot].delta;
+        if (offset > qxl->guest_slots[slot].size) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl,
+                          "slot %d offset %"PRIu64" > size %"PRIu64"\n",
+                          slot, offset, qxl->guest_slots[slot].size);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        return qxl->guest_slots[slot].ptr + offset;
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static void qxl_create_guest_primary_complete(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    /* for local rendering */
+    qxl_render_resize(qxl);
+}
+
+static void qxl_create_guest_primary(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, int loadvm,
+                                     qxl_async_io async)
+{
+    QXLDevSurfaceCreate surface;
+    QXLSurfaceCreate *sc = &qxl->guest_primary.surface;
+    uint32_t requested_height = le32_to_cpu(sc->height);
+    int requested_stride = le32_to_cpu(sc->stride);
+
+    if (requested_stride == INT32_MIN ||
+        abs(requested_stride) * (uint64_t)requested_height
+                                        > qxl->vgamem_size) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "%s: requested primary larger than framebuffer"
+                               " stride %d x height %" PRIu32 " > %" PRIu32,
+                               __func__, requested_stride, requested_height,
+                               qxl->vgamem_size);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (qxl->mode == QXL_MODE_NATIVE) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "%s: nop since already in QXL_MODE_NATIVE",
+                      __func__);
+    }
+    qxl_exit_vga_mode(qxl);
+
+    surface.format     = le32_to_cpu(sc->format);
+    surface.height     = le32_to_cpu(sc->height);
+    surface.mem        = le64_to_cpu(sc->mem);
+    surface.position   = le32_to_cpu(sc->position);
+    surface.stride     = le32_to_cpu(sc->stride);
+    surface.width      = le32_to_cpu(sc->width);
+    surface.type       = le32_to_cpu(sc->type);
+    surface.flags      = le32_to_cpu(sc->flags);
+    trace_qxl_create_guest_primary(qxl->id, sc->width, sc->height, sc->mem,
+                                   sc->format, sc->position);
+    trace_qxl_create_guest_primary_rest(qxl->id, sc->stride, sc->type,
+                                        sc->flags);
+
+    if ((surface.stride & 0x3) != 0) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(qxl, "primary surface stride = %d %% 4 != 0",
+                          surface.stride);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    surface.mouse_mode = true;
+    surface.group_id   = MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST;
+    if (loadvm) {
+        surface.flags |= QXL_SURF_FLAG_KEEP_DATA;
+    }
+
+    qxl->mode = QXL_MODE_NATIVE;
+    qxl->cmdflags = 0;
+    qemu_spice_create_primary_surface(&qxl->ssd, 0, &surface, async);
+
+    if (async == QXL_SYNC) {
+        qxl_create_guest_primary_complete(qxl);
+    }
+}
+
+/* return 1 if surface destoy was initiated (in QXL_ASYNC case) or
+ * done (in QXL_SYNC case), 0 otherwise. */
+static int qxl_destroy_primary(PCIQXLDevice *d, qxl_async_io async)
+{
+    if (d->mode == QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    trace_qxl_destroy_primary(d->id);
+    d->mode = QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED;
+    qemu_spice_destroy_primary_surface(&d->ssd, 0, async);
+    qxl_spice_reset_cursor(d);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static void qxl_set_mode(PCIQXLDevice *d, unsigned int modenr, int loadvm)
+{
+    pcibus_t start = d->pci.io_regions[QXL_RAM_RANGE_INDEX].addr;
+    pcibus_t end   = d->pci.io_regions[QXL_RAM_RANGE_INDEX].size + start;
+    QXLMode *mode = d->modes->modes + modenr;
+    uint64_t devmem = d->pci.io_regions[QXL_RAM_RANGE_INDEX].addr;
+    QXLMemSlot slot = {
+        .mem_start = start,
+        .mem_end = end
+    };
+
+    if (modenr >= d->modes->n_modes) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "mode number out of range");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    QXLSurfaceCreate surface = {
+        .width      = mode->x_res,
+        .height     = mode->y_res,
+        .stride     = -mode->x_res * 4,
+        .format     = SPICE_SURFACE_FMT_32_xRGB,
+        .flags      = loadvm ? QXL_SURF_FLAG_KEEP_DATA : 0,
+        .mouse_mode = true,
+        .mem        = devmem + d->shadow_rom.draw_area_offset,
+    };
+
+    trace_qxl_set_mode(d->id, modenr, mode->x_res, mode->y_res, mode->bits,
+                       devmem);
+    if (!loadvm) {
+        qxl_hard_reset(d, 0);
+    }
+
+    d->guest_slots[0].slot = slot;
+    assert(qxl_add_memslot(d, 0, devmem, QXL_SYNC) == 0);
+
+    d->guest_primary.surface = surface;
+    qxl_create_guest_primary(d, 0, QXL_SYNC);
+
+    d->mode = QXL_MODE_COMPAT;
+    d->cmdflags = QXL_COMMAND_FLAG_COMPAT;
+    if (mode->bits == 16) {
+        d->cmdflags |= QXL_COMMAND_FLAG_COMPAT_16BPP;
+    }
+    d->shadow_rom.mode = cpu_to_le32(modenr);
+    d->rom->mode = cpu_to_le32(modenr);
+    qxl_rom_set_dirty(d);
+}
+
+static void ioport_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
+                         uint64_t val, unsigned size)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *d = opaque;
+    uint32_t io_port = addr;
+    qxl_async_io async = QXL_SYNC;
+    uint32_t orig_io_port = io_port;
+
+    if (d->guest_bug && io_port != QXL_IO_RESET) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (d->revision <= QXL_REVISION_STABLE_V10 &&
+        io_port > QXL_IO_FLUSH_RELEASE) {
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "unsupported io %d for revision %d\n",
+            io_port, d->revision);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    switch (io_port) {
+    case QXL_IO_RESET:
+    case QXL_IO_SET_MODE:
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD:
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_DEL:
+    case QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY:
+    case QXL_IO_UPDATE_IRQ:
+    case QXL_IO_LOG:
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD_ASYNC:
+    case QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY_ASYNC:
+        break;
+    default:
+        if (d->mode != QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+            break;
+        }
+        trace_qxl_io_unexpected_vga_mode(d->id,
+            addr, val, io_port_to_string(io_port));
+        /* be nice to buggy guest drivers */
+        if (io_port >= QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA_ASYNC &&
+            io_port < QXL_IO_RANGE_SIZE) {
+            qxl_send_events(d, QXL_INTERRUPT_IO_CMD);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* we change the io_port to avoid ifdeffery in the main switch */
+    orig_io_port = io_port;
+    switch (io_port) {
+    case QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA_ASYNC:
+        io_port = QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA;
+        goto async_common;
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD_ASYNC:
+        io_port = QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD;
+        goto async_common;
+    case QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY_ASYNC:
+        io_port = QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY;
+        goto async_common;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY_ASYNC:
+        io_port = QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY;
+        goto async_common;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_ASYNC:
+        io_port = QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_WAIT;
+        goto async_common;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES_ASYNC:
+        io_port = QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES;
+        goto async_common;
+    case QXL_IO_FLUSH_SURFACES_ASYNC:
+    case QXL_IO_MONITORS_CONFIG_ASYNC:
+async_common:
+        async = QXL_ASYNC;
+        qemu_mutex_lock(&d->async_lock);
+        if (d->current_async != QXL_UNDEFINED_IO) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "%d async started before last (%d) complete",
+                io_port, d->current_async);
+            qemu_mutex_unlock(&d->async_lock);
+            return;
+        }
+        d->current_async = orig_io_port;
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&d->async_lock);
+        break;
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
+    trace_qxl_io_write(d->id, qxl_mode_to_string(d->mode),
+                       addr, io_port_to_string(addr),
+                       val, size, async);
+
+    switch (io_port) {
+    case QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA:
+    {
+        QXLCookie *cookie = NULL;
+        QXLRect update = d->ram->update_area;
+
+        if (d->ram->update_surface > d->ssd.num_surfaces) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA: invalid surface id %d\n",
+                              d->ram->update_surface);
+            break;
+        }
+        if (update.left >= update.right || update.top >= update.bottom ||
+            update.left < 0 || update.top < 0) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d,
+                    "QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA: invalid area (%ux%u)x(%ux%u)\n",
+                    update.left, update.top, update.right, update.bottom);
+            if (update.left == update.right || update.top == update.bottom) {
+                /* old drivers may provide empty area, keep going */
+                qxl_clear_guest_bug(d);
+                goto cancel_async;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        if (async == QXL_ASYNC) {
+            cookie = qxl_cookie_new(QXL_COOKIE_TYPE_IO,
+                                    QXL_IO_UPDATE_AREA_ASYNC);
+            cookie->u.area = update;
+        }
+        qxl_spice_update_area(d, d->ram->update_surface,
+                              cookie ? &cookie->u.area : &update,
+                              NULL, 0, 0, async, cookie);
+        break;
+    }
+    case QXL_IO_NOTIFY_CMD:
+        qemu_spice_wakeup(&d->ssd);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_NOTIFY_CURSOR:
+        qemu_spice_wakeup(&d->ssd);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_UPDATE_IRQ:
+        qxl_update_irq(d);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_NOTIFY_OOM:
+        if (!SPICE_RING_IS_EMPTY(&d->ram->release_ring)) {
+            break;
+        }
+        d->oom_running = 1;
+        qxl_spice_oom(d);
+        d->oom_running = 0;
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_SET_MODE:
+        qxl_set_mode(d, val, 0);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_LOG:
+        trace_qxl_io_log(d->id, d->ram->log_buf);
+        if (d->guestdebug) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "qxl/guest-%d: %" PRId64 ": %s", d->id,
+                    qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL), d->ram->log_buf);
+        }
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_RESET:
+        qxl_hard_reset(d, 0);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD:
+        if (val >= NUM_MEMSLOTS) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD: val out of range");
+            break;
+        }
+        if (d->guest_slots[val].active) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d,
+                        "QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_ADD: memory slot already active");
+            break;
+        }
+        d->guest_slots[val].slot = d->ram->mem_slot;
+        qxl_add_memslot(d, val, 0, async);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_DEL:
+        if (val >= NUM_MEMSLOTS) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "QXL_IO_MEMSLOT_DEL: val out of range");
+            break;
+        }
+        qxl_del_memslot(d, val);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY:
+        if (val != 0) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "QXL_IO_CREATE_PRIMARY (async=%d): val != 0",
+                          async);
+            goto cancel_async;
+        }
+        d->guest_primary.surface = d->ram->create_surface;
+        qxl_create_guest_primary(d, 0, async);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY:
+        if (val != 0) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "QXL_IO_DESTROY_PRIMARY (async=%d): val != 0",
+                          async);
+            goto cancel_async;
+        }
+        if (!qxl_destroy_primary(d, async)) {
+            trace_qxl_io_destroy_primary_ignored(d->id,
+                                                 qxl_mode_to_string(d->mode));
+            goto cancel_async;
+        }
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE_WAIT:
+        if (val >= d->ssd.num_surfaces) {
+            qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "QXL_IO_DESTROY_SURFACE (async=%d):"
+                             "%" PRIu64 " >= NUM_SURFACES", async, val);
+            goto cancel_async;
+        }
+        qxl_spice_destroy_surface_wait(d, val, async);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_FLUSH_RELEASE: {
+        QXLReleaseRing *ring = &d->ram->release_ring;
+        if (ring->prod - ring->cons + 1 == ring->num_items) {
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                "ERROR: no flush, full release ring [p%d,%dc]\n",
+                ring->prod, ring->cons);
+        }
+        qxl_push_free_res(d, 1 /* flush */);
+        break;
+    }
+    case QXL_IO_FLUSH_SURFACES_ASYNC:
+        qxl_spice_flush_surfaces_async(d);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_DESTROY_ALL_SURFACES:
+        d->mode = QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED;
+        qxl_spice_destroy_surfaces(d, async);
+        break;
+    case QXL_IO_MONITORS_CONFIG_ASYNC:
+        qxl_spice_monitors_config_async(d, 0);
+        break;
+    default:
+        qxl_set_guest_bug(d, "%s: unexpected ioport=0x%x\n", __func__, io_port);
+    }
+    return;
+cancel_async:
+    if (async) {
+        qxl_send_events(d, QXL_INTERRUPT_IO_CMD);
+        qemu_mutex_lock(&d->async_lock);
+        d->current_async = QXL_UNDEFINED_IO;
+        qemu_mutex_unlock(&d->async_lock);
+    }
+}
+
+static uint64_t ioport_read(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
+                            unsigned size)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = opaque;
+
+    trace_qxl_io_read_unexpected(qxl->id);
+    return 0xff;
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps qxl_io_ops = {
+    .read = ioport_read,
+    .write = ioport_write,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 1,
+        .max_access_size = 1,
+    },
+};
+
+static void qxl_update_irq_bh(void *opaque)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *d = opaque;
+    qxl_update_irq(d);
+}
+
+static void qxl_send_events(PCIQXLDevice *d, uint32_t events)
+{
+    uint32_t old_pending;
+    uint32_t le_events = cpu_to_le32(events);
+
+    trace_qxl_send_events(d->id, events);
+    if (!qemu_spice_display_is_running(&d->ssd)) {
+        /* spice-server tracks guest running state and should not do this */
+        fprintf(stderr, "%s: spice-server bug: guest stopped, ignoring\n",
+                __func__);
+        trace_qxl_send_events_vm_stopped(d->id, events);
+        return;
+    }
+    old_pending = atomic_fetch_or(&d->ram->int_pending, le_events);
+    if ((old_pending & le_events) == le_events) {
+        return;
+    }
+    qemu_bh_schedule(d->update_irq);
+}
+
+/* graphics console */
+
+static void qxl_hw_update(void *opaque)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = opaque;
+
+    qxl_render_update(qxl);
+}
+
+static void qxl_dirty_surfaces(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    uintptr_t vram_start;
+    int i;
+
+    if (qxl->mode != QXL_MODE_NATIVE && qxl->mode != QXL_MODE_COMPAT) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* dirty the primary surface */
+    qxl_set_dirty(&qxl->vga.vram, qxl->shadow_rom.draw_area_offset,
+                  qxl->shadow_rom.surface0_area_size);
+
+    vram_start = (uintptr_t)memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->vram_bar);
+
+    /* dirty the off-screen surfaces */
+    for (i = 0; i < qxl->ssd.num_surfaces; i++) {
+        QXLSurfaceCmd *cmd;
+        intptr_t surface_offset;
+        int surface_size;
+
+        if (qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds[i] == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        cmd = qxl_phys2virt(qxl, qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds[i],
+                            MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST);
+        assert(cmd);
+        assert(cmd->type == QXL_SURFACE_CMD_CREATE);
+        surface_offset = (intptr_t)qxl_phys2virt(qxl,
+                                                 cmd->u.surface_create.data,
+                                                 MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST);
+        assert(surface_offset);
+        surface_offset -= vram_start;
+        surface_size = cmd->u.surface_create.height *
+                       abs(cmd->u.surface_create.stride);
+        trace_qxl_surfaces_dirty(qxl->id, i, (int)surface_offset, surface_size);
+        qxl_set_dirty(&qxl->vram_bar, surface_offset, surface_size);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qxl_vm_change_state_handler(void *opaque, int running,
+                                        RunState state)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = opaque;
+
+    if (running) {
+        /*
+         * if qxl_send_events was called from spice server context before
+         * migration ended, qxl_update_irq for these events might not have been
+         * called
+         */
+         qxl_update_irq(qxl);
+    } else {
+        /* make sure surfaces are saved before migration */
+        qxl_dirty_surfaces(qxl);
+    }
+}
+
+/* display change listener */
+
+static void display_update(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
+                           int x, int y, int w, int h)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(dcl, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.dcl);
+
+    if (qxl->mode == QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+        qemu_spice_display_update(&qxl->ssd, x, y, w, h);
+    }
+}
+
+static void display_switch(DisplayChangeListener *dcl,
+                           struct DisplaySurface *surface)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(dcl, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.dcl);
+
+    qxl->ssd.ds = surface;
+    if (qxl->mode == QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+        qemu_spice_display_switch(&qxl->ssd, surface);
+    }
+}
+
+static void display_refresh(DisplayChangeListener *dcl)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = container_of(dcl, PCIQXLDevice, ssd.dcl);
+
+    if (qxl->mode == QXL_MODE_VGA) {
+        qemu_spice_display_refresh(&qxl->ssd);
+    }
+}
+
+static DisplayChangeListenerOps display_listener_ops = {
+    .dpy_name        = "spice/qxl",
+    .dpy_gfx_update  = display_update,
+    .dpy_gfx_switch  = display_switch,
+    .dpy_refresh     = display_refresh,
+};
+
+static void qxl_init_ramsize(PCIQXLDevice *qxl)
+{
+    /* vga mode framebuffer / primary surface (bar 0, first part) */
+    if (qxl->vgamem_size_mb < 8) {
+        qxl->vgamem_size_mb = 8;
+    }
+    /* XXX: we round vgamem_size_mb up to a nearest power of two and it must be
+     * less than vga_common_init()'s maximum on qxl->vga.vram_size (512 now).
+     */
+    if (qxl->vgamem_size_mb > 256) {
+        qxl->vgamem_size_mb = 256;
+    }
+    qxl->vgamem_size = qxl->vgamem_size_mb * 1024 * 1024;
+
+    /* vga ram (bar 0, total) */
+    if (qxl->ram_size_mb != -1) {
+        qxl->vga.vram_size = qxl->ram_size_mb * 1024 * 1024;
+    }
+    if (qxl->vga.vram_size < qxl->vgamem_size * 2) {
+        qxl->vga.vram_size = qxl->vgamem_size * 2;
+    }
+
+    /* vram32 (surfaces, 32bit, bar 1) */
+    if (qxl->vram32_size_mb != -1) {
+        qxl->vram32_size = qxl->vram32_size_mb * 1024 * 1024;
+    }
+    if (qxl->vram32_size < 4096) {
+        qxl->vram32_size = 4096;
+    }
+
+    /* vram (surfaces, 64bit, bar 4+5) */
+    if (qxl->vram_size_mb != -1) {
+        qxl->vram_size = qxl->vram_size_mb * 1024 * 1024;
+    }
+    if (qxl->vram_size < qxl->vram32_size) {
+        qxl->vram_size = qxl->vram32_size;
+    }
+
+    if (qxl->revision == 1) {
+        qxl->vram32_size = 4096;
+        qxl->vram_size = 4096;
+    }
+    qxl->vgamem_size = pow2ceil(qxl->vgamem_size);
+    qxl->vga.vram_size = pow2ceil(qxl->vga.vram_size);
+    qxl->vram32_size = pow2ceil(qxl->vram32_size);
+    qxl->vram_size = pow2ceil(qxl->vram_size);
+}
+
+static void qxl_realize_common(PCIQXLDevice *qxl, Error **errp)
+{
+    uint8_t* config = qxl->pci.config;
+    uint32_t pci_device_rev;
+    uint32_t io_size;
+
+    qxl->mode = QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED;
+    qxl->generation = 1;
+    qxl->num_memslots = NUM_MEMSLOTS;
+    qemu_mutex_init(&qxl->track_lock);
+    qemu_mutex_init(&qxl->async_lock);
+    qxl->current_async = QXL_UNDEFINED_IO;
+    qxl->guest_bug = 0;
+
+    switch (qxl->revision) {
+    case 1: /* spice 0.4 -- qxl-1 */
+        pci_device_rev = QXL_REVISION_STABLE_V04;
+        io_size = 8;
+        break;
+    case 2: /* spice 0.6 -- qxl-2 */
+        pci_device_rev = QXL_REVISION_STABLE_V06;
+        io_size = 16;
+        break;
+    case 3: /* qxl-3 */
+        pci_device_rev = QXL_REVISION_STABLE_V10;
+        io_size = 32; /* PCI region size must be pow2 */
+        break;
+    case 4: /* qxl-4 */
+        pci_device_rev = QXL_REVISION_STABLE_V12;
+        io_size = pow2ceil(QXL_IO_RANGE_SIZE);
+        break;
+    default:
+        error_setg(errp, "Invalid revision %d for qxl device (max %d)",
+                   qxl->revision, QXL_DEFAULT_REVISION);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    pci_set_byte(&config[PCI_REVISION_ID], pci_device_rev);
+    pci_set_byte(&config[PCI_INTERRUPT_PIN], 1);
+
+    qxl->rom_size = qxl_rom_size();
+    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vrom",
+                           qxl->rom_size, &error_abort);
+    vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->rom_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
+    init_qxl_rom(qxl);
+    init_qxl_ram(qxl);
+
+    qxl->guest_surfaces.cmds = g_new0(QXLPHYSICAL, qxl->ssd.num_surfaces);
+    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram",
+                           qxl->vram_size, &error_abort);
+    vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vram_bar, &qxl->pci.qdev);
+    memory_region_init_alias(&qxl->vram32_bar, OBJECT(qxl), "qxl.vram32",
+                             &qxl->vram_bar, 0, qxl->vram32_size);
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&qxl->io_bar, OBJECT(qxl), &qxl_io_ops, qxl,
+                          "qxl-ioports", io_size);
+    if (qxl->id == 0) {
+        vga_dirty_log_start(&qxl->vga);
+    }
+    memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(&qxl->io_bar);
+
+
+    pci_register_bar(&qxl->pci, QXL_IO_RANGE_INDEX,
+                     PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_IO, &qxl->io_bar);
+
+    pci_register_bar(&qxl->pci, QXL_ROM_RANGE_INDEX,
+                     PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY, &qxl->rom_bar);
+
+    pci_register_bar(&qxl->pci, QXL_RAM_RANGE_INDEX,
+                     PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY, &qxl->vga.vram);
+
+    pci_register_bar(&qxl->pci, QXL_VRAM_RANGE_INDEX,
+                     PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY, &qxl->vram32_bar);
+
+    if (qxl->vram32_size < qxl->vram_size) {
+        /*
+         * Make the 64bit vram bar show up only in case it is
+         * configured to be larger than the 32bit vram bar.
+         */
+        pci_register_bar(&qxl->pci, QXL_VRAM64_RANGE_INDEX,
+                         PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_SPACE_MEMORY |
+                         PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_TYPE_64 |
+                         PCI_BASE_ADDRESS_MEM_PREFETCH,
+                         &qxl->vram_bar);
+    }
+
+    /* print pci bar details */
+    dprint(qxl, 1, "ram/%s: %d MB [region 0]\n",
+           qxl->id == 0 ? "pri" : "sec",
+           qxl->vga.vram_size / (1024*1024));
+    dprint(qxl, 1, "vram/32: %d MB [region 1]\n",
+           qxl->vram32_size / (1024*1024));
+    dprint(qxl, 1, "vram/64: %d MB %s\n",
+           qxl->vram_size / (1024*1024),
+           qxl->vram32_size < qxl->vram_size ? "[region 4]" : "[unmapped]");
+
+    qxl->ssd.qxl.base.sif = &qxl_interface.base;
+    if (qemu_spice_add_display_interface(&qxl->ssd.qxl, qxl->vga.con) != 0) {
+        error_setg(errp, "qxl interface %d.%d not supported by spice-server",
+                   SPICE_INTERFACE_QXL_MAJOR, SPICE_INTERFACE_QXL_MINOR);
+        return;
+    }
+    qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(qxl_vm_change_state_handler, qxl);
+
+    qxl->update_irq = qemu_bh_new(qxl_update_irq_bh, qxl);
+    qxl_reset_state(qxl);
+
+    qxl->update_area_bh = qemu_bh_new(qxl_render_update_area_bh, qxl);
+    qxl->ssd.cursor_bh = qemu_bh_new(qemu_spice_cursor_refresh_bh, &qxl->ssd);
+}
+
+static void qxl_realize_primary(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = PCI_QXL(dev);
+    VGACommonState *vga = &qxl->vga;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
+
+    qxl->id = 0;
+    qxl_init_ramsize(qxl);
+    vga->vbe_size = qxl->vgamem_size;
+    vga->vram_size_mb = qxl->vga.vram_size >> 20;
+    vga_common_init(vga, OBJECT(dev), true);
+    vga_init(vga, OBJECT(dev),
+             pci_address_space(dev), pci_address_space_io(dev), false);
+    portio_list_init(&qxl->vga_port_list, OBJECT(dev), qxl_vga_portio_list,
+                     vga, "vga");
+    portio_list_set_flush_coalesced(&qxl->vga_port_list);
+    portio_list_add(&qxl->vga_port_list, pci_address_space_io(dev), 0x3b0);
+
+    vga->con = graphic_console_init(DEVICE(dev), 0, &qxl_ops, qxl);
+    qemu_spice_display_init_common(&qxl->ssd);
+
+    qxl_realize_common(qxl, &local_err);
+    if (local_err) {
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    qxl->ssd.dcl.ops = &display_listener_ops;
+    qxl->ssd.dcl.con = vga->con;
+    register_displaychangelistener(&qxl->ssd.dcl);
+}
+
+static void qxl_realize_secondary(PCIDevice *dev, Error **errp)
+{
+    static int device_id = 1;
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = PCI_QXL(dev);
+
+    qxl->id = device_id++;
+    qxl_init_ramsize(qxl);
+    memory_region_init_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, OBJECT(dev), "qxl.vgavram",
+                           qxl->vga.vram_size, &error_abort);
+    vmstate_register_ram(&qxl->vga.vram, &qxl->pci.qdev);
+    qxl->vga.vram_ptr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(&qxl->vga.vram);
+    qxl->vga.con = graphic_console_init(DEVICE(dev), 0, &qxl_ops, qxl);
+
+    qxl_realize_common(qxl, errp);
+}
+
+static void qxl_pre_save(void *opaque)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice* d = opaque;
+    uint8_t *ram_start = d->vga.vram_ptr;
+
+    trace_qxl_pre_save(d->id);
+    if (d->last_release == NULL) {
+        d->last_release_offset = 0;
+    } else {
+        d->last_release_offset = (uint8_t *)d->last_release - ram_start;
+    }
+    assert(d->last_release_offset < d->vga.vram_size);
+}
+
+static int qxl_pre_load(void *opaque)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice* d = opaque;
+
+    trace_qxl_pre_load(d->id);
+    qxl_hard_reset(d, 1);
+    qxl_exit_vga_mode(d);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void qxl_create_memslots(PCIQXLDevice *d)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < NUM_MEMSLOTS; i++) {
+        if (!d->guest_slots[i].active) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        qxl_add_memslot(d, i, 0, QXL_SYNC);
+    }
+}
+
+static int qxl_post_load(void *opaque, int version)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice* d = opaque;
+    uint8_t *ram_start = d->vga.vram_ptr;
+    QXLCommandExt *cmds;
+    int in, out, newmode;
+
+    assert(d->last_release_offset < d->vga.vram_size);
+    if (d->last_release_offset == 0) {
+        d->last_release = NULL;
+    } else {
+        d->last_release = (QXLReleaseInfo *)(ram_start + d->last_release_offset);
+    }
+
+    d->modes = (QXLModes*)((uint8_t*)d->rom + d->rom->modes_offset);
+
+    trace_qxl_post_load(d->id, qxl_mode_to_string(d->mode));
+    newmode = d->mode;
+    d->mode = QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED;
+
+    switch (newmode) {
+    case QXL_MODE_UNDEFINED:
+        qxl_create_memslots(d);
+        break;
+    case QXL_MODE_VGA:
+        qxl_create_memslots(d);
+        qxl_enter_vga_mode(d);
+        break;
+    case QXL_MODE_NATIVE:
+        qxl_create_memslots(d);
+        qxl_create_guest_primary(d, 1, QXL_SYNC);
+
+        /* replay surface-create and cursor-set commands */
+        cmds = g_malloc0(sizeof(QXLCommandExt) * (d->ssd.num_surfaces + 1));
+        for (in = 0, out = 0; in < d->ssd.num_surfaces; in++) {
+            if (d->guest_surfaces.cmds[in] == 0) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            cmds[out].cmd.data = d->guest_surfaces.cmds[in];
+            cmds[out].cmd.type = QXL_CMD_SURFACE;
+            cmds[out].group_id = MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST;
+            out++;
+        }
+        if (d->guest_cursor) {
+            cmds[out].cmd.data = d->guest_cursor;
+            cmds[out].cmd.type = QXL_CMD_CURSOR;
+            cmds[out].group_id = MEMSLOT_GROUP_GUEST;
+            out++;
+        }
+        qxl_spice_loadvm_commands(d, cmds, out);
+        g_free(cmds);
+        if (d->guest_monitors_config) {
+            qxl_spice_monitors_config_async(d, 1);
+        }
+        break;
+    case QXL_MODE_COMPAT:
+        /* note: no need to call qxl_create_memslots, qxl_set_mode
+         * creates the mem slot. */
+        qxl_set_mode(d, d->shadow_rom.mode, 1);
+        break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#define QXL_SAVE_VERSION 21
+
+static bool qxl_monitors_config_needed(void *opaque)
+{
+    PCIQXLDevice *qxl = opaque;
+
+    return qxl->guest_monitors_config != 0;
+}
+
+
+static VMStateDescription qxl_memslot = {
+    .name               = "qxl-memslot",
+    .version_id         = QXL_SAVE_VERSION,
+    .minimum_version_id = QXL_SAVE_VERSION,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT64(slot.mem_start, struct guest_slots),
+        VMSTATE_UINT64(slot.mem_end,   struct guest_slots),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(active,         struct guest_slots),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static VMStateDescription qxl_surface = {
+    .name               = "qxl-surface",
+    .version_id         = QXL_SAVE_VERSION,
+    .minimum_version_id = QXL_SAVE_VERSION,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(width,      QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(height,     QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_INT32(stride,      QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(format,     QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(position,   QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(mouse_mode, QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(flags,      QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(type,       QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_UINT64(mem,        QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    }
+};
+
+static VMStateDescription qxl_vmstate_monitors_config = {
+    .name               = "qxl/monitors-config",
+    .version_id         = 1,
+    .minimum_version_id = 1,
+    .needed = qxl_monitors_config_needed,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_UINT64(guest_monitors_config, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    },
+};
+
+static VMStateDescription qxl_vmstate = {
+    .name               = "qxl",
+    .version_id         = QXL_SAVE_VERSION,
+    .minimum_version_id = QXL_SAVE_VERSION,
+    .pre_save           = qxl_pre_save,
+    .pre_load           = qxl_pre_load,
+    .post_load          = qxl_post_load,
+    .fields = (VMStateField[]) {
+        VMSTATE_PCI_DEVICE(pci, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_STRUCT(vga, PCIQXLDevice, 0, vmstate_vga_common, VGACommonState),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(shadow_rom.mode, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(num_free_res, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(last_release_offset, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(mode, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_UINT32(ssd.unique, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_INT32_EQUAL(num_memslots, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_STRUCT_ARRAY(guest_slots, PCIQXLDevice, NUM_MEMSLOTS, 0,
+                             qxl_memslot, struct guest_slots),
+        VMSTATE_STRUCT(guest_primary.surface, PCIQXLDevice, 0,
+                       qxl_surface, QXLSurfaceCreate),
+        VMSTATE_INT32_EQUAL(ssd.num_surfaces, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_VARRAY_INT32(guest_surfaces.cmds, PCIQXLDevice,
+                             ssd.num_surfaces, 0,
+                             vmstate_info_uint64, uint64_t),
+        VMSTATE_UINT64(guest_cursor, PCIQXLDevice),
+        VMSTATE_END_OF_LIST()
+    },
+    .subsections = (const VMStateDescription*[]) {
+        &qxl_vmstate_monitors_config,
+        NULL
+    }
+};
+
+static Property qxl_properties[] = {
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("ram_size", PCIQXLDevice, vga.vram_size,
+                           64 * 1024 * 1024),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("vram_size", PCIQXLDevice, vram32_size,
+                           64 * 1024 * 1024),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("revision", PCIQXLDevice, revision,
+                           QXL_DEFAULT_REVISION),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("debug", PCIQXLDevice, debug, 0),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("guestdebug", PCIQXLDevice, guestdebug, 0),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("cmdlog", PCIQXLDevice, cmdlog, 0),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("ram_size_mb",  PCIQXLDevice, ram_size_mb, -1),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("vram_size_mb", PCIQXLDevice, vram32_size_mb, -1),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("vram64_size_mb", PCIQXLDevice, vram_size_mb, -1),
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT32("vgamem_mb", PCIQXLDevice, vgamem_size_mb, 16),
+        DEFINE_PROP_INT32("surfaces", PCIQXLDevice, ssd.num_surfaces, 1024),
+#if SPICE_SERVER_VERSION >= 0x000c06 /* release 0.12.6 */
+        DEFINE_PROP_UINT16("max_outputs", PCIQXLDevice, max_outputs, 0),
+#endif
+        DEFINE_PROP_END_OF_LIST(),
+};
+
+static void qxl_pci_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    k->vendor_id = REDHAT_PCI_VENDOR_ID;
+    k->device_id = QXL_DEVICE_ID_STABLE;
+    set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_DISPLAY, dc->categories);
+    dc->reset = qxl_reset_handler;
+    dc->vmsd = &qxl_vmstate;
+    dc->props = qxl_properties;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo qxl_pci_type_info = {
+    .name = TYPE_PCI_QXL,
+    .parent = TYPE_PCI_DEVICE,
+    .instance_size = sizeof(PCIQXLDevice),
+    .abstract = true,
+    .class_init = qxl_pci_class_init,
+};
+
+static void qxl_primary_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    k->realize = qxl_realize_primary;
+    k->romfile = "vgabios-qxl.bin";
+    k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_VGA;
+    dc->desc = "Spice QXL GPU (primary, vga compatible)";
+    dc->hotpluggable = false;
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo qxl_primary_info = {
+    .name          = "qxl-vga",
+    .parent        = TYPE_PCI_QXL,
+    .class_init    = qxl_primary_class_init,
+};
+
+static void qxl_secondary_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+    PCIDeviceClass *k = PCI_DEVICE_CLASS(klass);
+
+    k->realize = qxl_realize_secondary;
+    k->class_id = PCI_CLASS_DISPLAY_OTHER;
+    dc->desc = "Spice QXL GPU (secondary)";
+}
+
+static const TypeInfo qxl_secondary_info = {
+    .name          = "qxl",
+    .parent        = TYPE_PCI_QXL,
+    .class_init    = qxl_secondary_class_init,
+};
+
+static void qxl_register_types(void)
+{
+    type_register_static(&qxl_pci_type_info);
+    type_register_static(&qxl_primary_info);
+    type_register_static(&qxl_secondary_info);
+}
+
+type_init(qxl_register_types)