Add the rt linux 4.1.3-rt3 as base
[kvmfornfv.git] / kernel / drivers / md / dm-snap-persistent.c
diff --git a/kernel/drivers/md/dm-snap-persistent.c b/kernel/drivers/md/dm-snap-persistent.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..808b841
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,952 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2001-2002 Sistina Software (UK) Limited.
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Red Hat GmbH
+ *
+ * This file is released under the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include "dm-exception-store.h"
+
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/export.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/dm-io.h>
+#include "dm-bufio.h"
+
+#define DM_MSG_PREFIX "persistent snapshot"
+#define DM_CHUNK_SIZE_DEFAULT_SECTORS 32       /* 16KB */
+
+#define DM_PREFETCH_CHUNKS             12
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Persistent snapshots, by persistent we mean that the snapshot
+ * will survive a reboot.
+ *---------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * We need to store a record of which parts of the origin have
+ * been copied to the snapshot device.  The snapshot code
+ * requires that we copy exception chunks to chunk aligned areas
+ * of the COW store.  It makes sense therefore, to store the
+ * metadata in chunk size blocks.
+ *
+ * There is no backward or forward compatibility implemented,
+ * snapshots with different disk versions than the kernel will
+ * not be usable.  It is expected that "lvcreate" will blank out
+ * the start of a fresh COW device before calling the snapshot
+ * constructor.
+ *
+ * The first chunk of the COW device just contains the header.
+ * After this there is a chunk filled with exception metadata,
+ * followed by as many exception chunks as can fit in the
+ * metadata areas.
+ *
+ * All on disk structures are in little-endian format.  The end
+ * of the exceptions info is indicated by an exception with a
+ * new_chunk of 0, which is invalid since it would point to the
+ * header chunk.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Magic for persistent snapshots: "SnAp" - Feeble isn't it.
+ */
+#define SNAP_MAGIC 0x70416e53
+
+/*
+ * The on-disk version of the metadata.
+ */
+#define SNAPSHOT_DISK_VERSION 1
+
+#define NUM_SNAPSHOT_HDR_CHUNKS 1
+
+struct disk_header {
+       __le32 magic;
+
+       /*
+        * Is this snapshot valid.  There is no way of recovering
+        * an invalid snapshot.
+        */
+       __le32 valid;
+
+       /*
+        * Simple, incrementing version. no backward
+        * compatibility.
+        */
+       __le32 version;
+
+       /* In sectors */
+       __le32 chunk_size;
+} __packed;
+
+struct disk_exception {
+       __le64 old_chunk;
+       __le64 new_chunk;
+} __packed;
+
+struct core_exception {
+       uint64_t old_chunk;
+       uint64_t new_chunk;
+};
+
+struct commit_callback {
+       void (*callback)(void *, int success);
+       void *context;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The top level structure for a persistent exception store.
+ */
+struct pstore {
+       struct dm_exception_store *store;
+       int version;
+       int valid;
+       uint32_t exceptions_per_area;
+
+       /*
+        * Now that we have an asynchronous kcopyd there is no
+        * need for large chunk sizes, so it wont hurt to have a
+        * whole chunks worth of metadata in memory at once.
+        */
+       void *area;
+
+       /*
+        * An area of zeros used to clear the next area.
+        */
+       void *zero_area;
+
+       /*
+        * An area used for header. The header can be written
+        * concurrently with metadata (when invalidating the snapshot),
+        * so it needs a separate buffer.
+        */
+       void *header_area;
+
+       /*
+        * Used to keep track of which metadata area the data in
+        * 'chunk' refers to.
+        */
+       chunk_t current_area;
+
+       /*
+        * The next free chunk for an exception.
+        *
+        * When creating exceptions, all the chunks here and above are
+        * free.  It holds the next chunk to be allocated.  On rare
+        * occasions (e.g. after a system crash) holes can be left in
+        * the exception store because chunks can be committed out of
+        * order.
+        *
+        * When merging exceptions, it does not necessarily mean all the
+        * chunks here and above are free.  It holds the value it would
+        * have held if all chunks had been committed in order of
+        * allocation.  Consequently the value may occasionally be
+        * slightly too low, but since it's only used for 'status' and
+        * it can never reach its minimum value too early this doesn't
+        * matter.
+        */
+
+       chunk_t next_free;
+
+       /*
+        * The index of next free exception in the current
+        * metadata area.
+        */
+       uint32_t current_committed;
+
+       atomic_t pending_count;
+       uint32_t callback_count;
+       struct commit_callback *callbacks;
+       struct dm_io_client *io_client;
+
+       struct workqueue_struct *metadata_wq;
+};
+
+static int alloc_area(struct pstore *ps)
+{
+       int r = -ENOMEM;
+       size_t len;
+
+       len = ps->store->chunk_size << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+
+       /*
+        * Allocate the chunk_size block of memory that will hold
+        * a single metadata area.
+        */
+       ps->area = vmalloc(len);
+       if (!ps->area)
+               goto err_area;
+
+       ps->zero_area = vzalloc(len);
+       if (!ps->zero_area)
+               goto err_zero_area;
+
+       ps->header_area = vmalloc(len);
+       if (!ps->header_area)
+               goto err_header_area;
+
+       return 0;
+
+err_header_area:
+       vfree(ps->zero_area);
+
+err_zero_area:
+       vfree(ps->area);
+
+err_area:
+       return r;
+}
+
+static void free_area(struct pstore *ps)
+{
+       vfree(ps->area);
+       ps->area = NULL;
+       vfree(ps->zero_area);
+       ps->zero_area = NULL;
+       vfree(ps->header_area);
+       ps->header_area = NULL;
+}
+
+struct mdata_req {
+       struct dm_io_region *where;
+       struct dm_io_request *io_req;
+       struct work_struct work;
+       int result;
+};
+
+static void do_metadata(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct mdata_req *req = container_of(work, struct mdata_req, work);
+
+       req->result = dm_io(req->io_req, 1, req->where, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read or write a chunk aligned and sized block of data from a device.
+ */
+static int chunk_io(struct pstore *ps, void *area, chunk_t chunk, int rw,
+                   int metadata)
+{
+       struct dm_io_region where = {
+               .bdev = dm_snap_cow(ps->store->snap)->bdev,
+               .sector = ps->store->chunk_size * chunk,
+               .count = ps->store->chunk_size,
+       };
+       struct dm_io_request io_req = {
+               .bi_rw = rw,
+               .mem.type = DM_IO_VMA,
+               .mem.ptr.vma = area,
+               .client = ps->io_client,
+               .notify.fn = NULL,
+       };
+       struct mdata_req req;
+
+       if (!metadata)
+               return dm_io(&io_req, 1, &where, NULL);
+
+       req.where = &where;
+       req.io_req = &io_req;
+
+       /*
+        * Issue the synchronous I/O from a different thread
+        * to avoid generic_make_request recursion.
+        */
+       INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&req.work, do_metadata);
+       queue_work(ps->metadata_wq, &req.work);
+       flush_workqueue(ps->metadata_wq);
+       destroy_work_on_stack(&req.work);
+
+       return req.result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert a metadata area index to a chunk index.
+ */
+static chunk_t area_location(struct pstore *ps, chunk_t area)
+{
+       return NUM_SNAPSHOT_HDR_CHUNKS + ((ps->exceptions_per_area + 1) * area);
+}
+
+static void skip_metadata(struct pstore *ps)
+{
+       uint32_t stride = ps->exceptions_per_area + 1;
+       chunk_t next_free = ps->next_free;
+       if (sector_div(next_free, stride) == NUM_SNAPSHOT_HDR_CHUNKS)
+               ps->next_free++;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read or write a metadata area.  Remembering to skip the first
+ * chunk which holds the header.
+ */
+static int area_io(struct pstore *ps, int rw)
+{
+       int r;
+       chunk_t chunk;
+
+       chunk = area_location(ps, ps->current_area);
+
+       r = chunk_io(ps, ps->area, chunk, rw, 0);
+       if (r)
+               return r;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void zero_memory_area(struct pstore *ps)
+{
+       memset(ps->area, 0, ps->store->chunk_size << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+}
+
+static int zero_disk_area(struct pstore *ps, chunk_t area)
+{
+       return chunk_io(ps, ps->zero_area, area_location(ps, area), WRITE, 0);
+}
+
+static int read_header(struct pstore *ps, int *new_snapshot)
+{
+       int r;
+       struct disk_header *dh;
+       unsigned chunk_size;
+       int chunk_size_supplied = 1;
+       char *chunk_err;
+
+       /*
+        * Use default chunk size (or logical_block_size, if larger)
+        * if none supplied
+        */
+       if (!ps->store->chunk_size) {
+               ps->store->chunk_size = max(DM_CHUNK_SIZE_DEFAULT_SECTORS,
+                   bdev_logical_block_size(dm_snap_cow(ps->store->snap)->
+                                           bdev) >> 9);
+               ps->store->chunk_mask = ps->store->chunk_size - 1;
+               ps->store->chunk_shift = ffs(ps->store->chunk_size) - 1;
+               chunk_size_supplied = 0;
+       }
+
+       ps->io_client = dm_io_client_create();
+       if (IS_ERR(ps->io_client))
+               return PTR_ERR(ps->io_client);
+
+       r = alloc_area(ps);
+       if (r)
+               return r;
+
+       r = chunk_io(ps, ps->header_area, 0, READ, 1);
+       if (r)
+               goto bad;
+
+       dh = ps->header_area;
+
+       if (le32_to_cpu(dh->magic) == 0) {
+               *new_snapshot = 1;
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (le32_to_cpu(dh->magic) != SNAP_MAGIC) {
+               DMWARN("Invalid or corrupt snapshot");
+               r = -ENXIO;
+               goto bad;
+       }
+
+       *new_snapshot = 0;
+       ps->valid = le32_to_cpu(dh->valid);
+       ps->version = le32_to_cpu(dh->version);
+       chunk_size = le32_to_cpu(dh->chunk_size);
+
+       if (ps->store->chunk_size == chunk_size)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (chunk_size_supplied)
+               DMWARN("chunk size %u in device metadata overrides "
+                      "table chunk size of %u.",
+                      chunk_size, ps->store->chunk_size);
+
+       /* We had a bogus chunk_size. Fix stuff up. */
+       free_area(ps);
+
+       r = dm_exception_store_set_chunk_size(ps->store, chunk_size,
+                                             &chunk_err);
+       if (r) {
+               DMERR("invalid on-disk chunk size %u: %s.",
+                     chunk_size, chunk_err);
+               return r;
+       }
+
+       r = alloc_area(ps);
+       return r;
+
+bad:
+       free_area(ps);
+       return r;
+}
+
+static int write_header(struct pstore *ps)
+{
+       struct disk_header *dh;
+
+       memset(ps->header_area, 0, ps->store->chunk_size << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+
+       dh = ps->header_area;
+       dh->magic = cpu_to_le32(SNAP_MAGIC);
+       dh->valid = cpu_to_le32(ps->valid);
+       dh->version = cpu_to_le32(ps->version);
+       dh->chunk_size = cpu_to_le32(ps->store->chunk_size);
+
+       return chunk_io(ps, ps->header_area, 0, WRITE, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Access functions for the disk exceptions, these do the endian conversions.
+ */
+static struct disk_exception *get_exception(struct pstore *ps, void *ps_area,
+                                           uint32_t index)
+{
+       BUG_ON(index >= ps->exceptions_per_area);
+
+       return ((struct disk_exception *) ps_area) + index;
+}
+
+static void read_exception(struct pstore *ps, void *ps_area,
+                          uint32_t index, struct core_exception *result)
+{
+       struct disk_exception *de = get_exception(ps, ps_area, index);
+
+       /* copy it */
+       result->old_chunk = le64_to_cpu(de->old_chunk);
+       result->new_chunk = le64_to_cpu(de->new_chunk);
+}
+
+static void write_exception(struct pstore *ps,
+                           uint32_t index, struct core_exception *e)
+{
+       struct disk_exception *de = get_exception(ps, ps->area, index);
+
+       /* copy it */
+       de->old_chunk = cpu_to_le64(e->old_chunk);
+       de->new_chunk = cpu_to_le64(e->new_chunk);
+}
+
+static void clear_exception(struct pstore *ps, uint32_t index)
+{
+       struct disk_exception *de = get_exception(ps, ps->area, index);
+
+       /* clear it */
+       de->old_chunk = 0;
+       de->new_chunk = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Registers the exceptions that are present in the current area.
+ * 'full' is filled in to indicate if the area has been
+ * filled.
+ */
+static int insert_exceptions(struct pstore *ps, void *ps_area,
+                            int (*callback)(void *callback_context,
+                                            chunk_t old, chunk_t new),
+                            void *callback_context,
+                            int *full)
+{
+       int r;
+       unsigned int i;
+       struct core_exception e;
+
+       /* presume the area is full */
+       *full = 1;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ps->exceptions_per_area; i++) {
+               read_exception(ps, ps_area, i, &e);
+
+               /*
+                * If the new_chunk is pointing at the start of
+                * the COW device, where the first metadata area
+                * is we know that we've hit the end of the
+                * exceptions.  Therefore the area is not full.
+                */
+               if (e.new_chunk == 0LL) {
+                       ps->current_committed = i;
+                       *full = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Keep track of the start of the free chunks.
+                */
+               if (ps->next_free <= e.new_chunk)
+                       ps->next_free = e.new_chunk + 1;
+
+               /*
+                * Otherwise we add the exception to the snapshot.
+                */
+               r = callback(callback_context, e.old_chunk, e.new_chunk);
+               if (r)
+                       return r;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_exceptions(struct pstore *ps,
+                          int (*callback)(void *callback_context, chunk_t old,
+                                          chunk_t new),
+                          void *callback_context)
+{
+       int r, full = 1;
+       struct dm_bufio_client *client;
+       chunk_t prefetch_area = 0;
+
+       client = dm_bufio_client_create(dm_snap_cow(ps->store->snap)->bdev,
+                                       ps->store->chunk_size << SECTOR_SHIFT,
+                                       1, 0, NULL, NULL);
+
+       if (IS_ERR(client))
+               return PTR_ERR(client);
+
+       /*
+        * Setup for one current buffer + desired readahead buffers.
+        */
+       dm_bufio_set_minimum_buffers(client, 1 + DM_PREFETCH_CHUNKS);
+
+       /*
+        * Keeping reading chunks and inserting exceptions until
+        * we find a partially full area.
+        */
+       for (ps->current_area = 0; full; ps->current_area++) {
+               struct dm_buffer *bp;
+               void *area;
+               chunk_t chunk;
+
+               if (unlikely(prefetch_area < ps->current_area))
+                       prefetch_area = ps->current_area;
+
+               if (DM_PREFETCH_CHUNKS) do {
+                       chunk_t pf_chunk = area_location(ps, prefetch_area);
+                       if (unlikely(pf_chunk >= dm_bufio_get_device_size(client)))
+                               break;
+                       dm_bufio_prefetch(client, pf_chunk, 1);
+                       prefetch_area++;
+                       if (unlikely(!prefetch_area))
+                               break;
+               } while (prefetch_area <= ps->current_area + DM_PREFETCH_CHUNKS);
+
+               chunk = area_location(ps, ps->current_area);
+
+               area = dm_bufio_read(client, chunk, &bp);
+               if (unlikely(IS_ERR(area))) {
+                       r = PTR_ERR(area);
+                       goto ret_destroy_bufio;
+               }
+
+               r = insert_exceptions(ps, area, callback, callback_context,
+                                     &full);
+
+               if (!full)
+                       memcpy(ps->area, area, ps->store->chunk_size << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+
+               dm_bufio_release(bp);
+
+               dm_bufio_forget(client, chunk);
+
+               if (unlikely(r))
+                       goto ret_destroy_bufio;
+       }
+
+       ps->current_area--;
+
+       skip_metadata(ps);
+
+       r = 0;
+
+ret_destroy_bufio:
+       dm_bufio_client_destroy(client);
+
+       return r;
+}
+
+static struct pstore *get_info(struct dm_exception_store *store)
+{
+       return (struct pstore *) store->context;
+}
+
+static void persistent_usage(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                            sector_t *total_sectors,
+                            sector_t *sectors_allocated,
+                            sector_t *metadata_sectors)
+{
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+
+       *sectors_allocated = ps->next_free * store->chunk_size;
+       *total_sectors = get_dev_size(dm_snap_cow(store->snap)->bdev);
+
+       /*
+        * First chunk is the fixed header.
+        * Then there are (ps->current_area + 1) metadata chunks, each one
+        * separated from the next by ps->exceptions_per_area data chunks.
+        */
+       *metadata_sectors = (ps->current_area + 1 + NUM_SNAPSHOT_HDR_CHUNKS) *
+                           store->chunk_size;
+}
+
+static void persistent_dtr(struct dm_exception_store *store)
+{
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+
+       destroy_workqueue(ps->metadata_wq);
+
+       /* Created in read_header */
+       if (ps->io_client)
+               dm_io_client_destroy(ps->io_client);
+       free_area(ps);
+
+       /* Allocated in persistent_read_metadata */
+       vfree(ps->callbacks);
+
+       kfree(ps);
+}
+
+static int persistent_read_metadata(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                                   int (*callback)(void *callback_context,
+                                                   chunk_t old, chunk_t new),
+                                   void *callback_context)
+{
+       int r, uninitialized_var(new_snapshot);
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+
+       /*
+        * Read the snapshot header.
+        */
+       r = read_header(ps, &new_snapshot);
+       if (r)
+               return r;
+
+       /*
+        * Now we know correct chunk_size, complete the initialisation.
+        */
+       ps->exceptions_per_area = (ps->store->chunk_size << SECTOR_SHIFT) /
+                                 sizeof(struct disk_exception);
+       ps->callbacks = dm_vcalloc(ps->exceptions_per_area,
+                                  sizeof(*ps->callbacks));
+       if (!ps->callbacks)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       /*
+        * Do we need to setup a new snapshot ?
+        */
+       if (new_snapshot) {
+               r = write_header(ps);
+               if (r) {
+                       DMWARN("write_header failed");
+                       return r;
+               }
+
+               ps->current_area = 0;
+               zero_memory_area(ps);
+               r = zero_disk_area(ps, 0);
+               if (r)
+                       DMWARN("zero_disk_area(0) failed");
+               return r;
+       }
+       /*
+        * Sanity checks.
+        */
+       if (ps->version != SNAPSHOT_DISK_VERSION) {
+               DMWARN("unable to handle snapshot disk version %d",
+                      ps->version);
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Metadata are valid, but snapshot is invalidated
+        */
+       if (!ps->valid)
+               return 1;
+
+       /*
+        * Read the metadata.
+        */
+       r = read_exceptions(ps, callback, callback_context);
+
+       return r;
+}
+
+static int persistent_prepare_exception(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                                       struct dm_exception *e)
+{
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+       sector_t size = get_dev_size(dm_snap_cow(store->snap)->bdev);
+
+       /* Is there enough room ? */
+       if (size < ((ps->next_free + 1) * store->chunk_size))
+               return -ENOSPC;
+
+       e->new_chunk = ps->next_free;
+
+       /*
+        * Move onto the next free pending, making sure to take
+        * into account the location of the metadata chunks.
+        */
+       ps->next_free++;
+       skip_metadata(ps);
+
+       atomic_inc(&ps->pending_count);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void persistent_commit_exception(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                                       struct dm_exception *e,
+                                       void (*callback) (void *, int success),
+                                       void *callback_context)
+{
+       unsigned int i;
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+       struct core_exception ce;
+       struct commit_callback *cb;
+
+       ce.old_chunk = e->old_chunk;
+       ce.new_chunk = e->new_chunk;
+       write_exception(ps, ps->current_committed++, &ce);
+
+       /*
+        * Add the callback to the back of the array.  This code
+        * is the only place where the callback array is
+        * manipulated, and we know that it will never be called
+        * multiple times concurrently.
+        */
+       cb = ps->callbacks + ps->callback_count++;
+       cb->callback = callback;
+       cb->context = callback_context;
+
+       /*
+        * If there are exceptions in flight and we have not yet
+        * filled this metadata area there's nothing more to do.
+        */
+       if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&ps->pending_count) &&
+           (ps->current_committed != ps->exceptions_per_area))
+               return;
+
+       /*
+        * If we completely filled the current area, then wipe the next one.
+        */
+       if ((ps->current_committed == ps->exceptions_per_area) &&
+           zero_disk_area(ps, ps->current_area + 1))
+               ps->valid = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Commit exceptions to disk.
+        */
+       if (ps->valid && area_io(ps, WRITE_FLUSH_FUA))
+               ps->valid = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Advance to the next area if this one is full.
+        */
+       if (ps->current_committed == ps->exceptions_per_area) {
+               ps->current_committed = 0;
+               ps->current_area++;
+               zero_memory_area(ps);
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ps->callback_count; i++) {
+               cb = ps->callbacks + i;
+               cb->callback(cb->context, ps->valid);
+       }
+
+       ps->callback_count = 0;
+}
+
+static int persistent_prepare_merge(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                                   chunk_t *last_old_chunk,
+                                   chunk_t *last_new_chunk)
+{
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+       struct core_exception ce;
+       int nr_consecutive;
+       int r;
+
+       /*
+        * When current area is empty, move back to preceding area.
+        */
+       if (!ps->current_committed) {
+               /*
+                * Have we finished?
+                */
+               if (!ps->current_area)
+                       return 0;
+
+               ps->current_area--;
+               r = area_io(ps, READ);
+               if (r < 0)
+                       return r;
+               ps->current_committed = ps->exceptions_per_area;
+       }
+
+       read_exception(ps, ps->area, ps->current_committed - 1, &ce);
+       *last_old_chunk = ce.old_chunk;
+       *last_new_chunk = ce.new_chunk;
+
+       /*
+        * Find number of consecutive chunks within the current area,
+        * working backwards.
+        */
+       for (nr_consecutive = 1; nr_consecutive < ps->current_committed;
+            nr_consecutive++) {
+               read_exception(ps, ps->area,
+                              ps->current_committed - 1 - nr_consecutive, &ce);
+               if (ce.old_chunk != *last_old_chunk - nr_consecutive ||
+                   ce.new_chunk != *last_new_chunk - nr_consecutive)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       return nr_consecutive;
+}
+
+static int persistent_commit_merge(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                                  int nr_merged)
+{
+       int r, i;
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+
+       BUG_ON(nr_merged > ps->current_committed);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < nr_merged; i++)
+               clear_exception(ps, ps->current_committed - 1 - i);
+
+       r = area_io(ps, WRITE_FLUSH_FUA);
+       if (r < 0)
+               return r;
+
+       ps->current_committed -= nr_merged;
+
+       /*
+        * At this stage, only persistent_usage() uses ps->next_free, so
+        * we make no attempt to keep ps->next_free strictly accurate
+        * as exceptions may have been committed out-of-order originally.
+        * Once a snapshot has become merging, we set it to the value it
+        * would have held had all the exceptions been committed in order.
+        *
+        * ps->current_area does not get reduced by prepare_merge() until
+        * after commit_merge() has removed the nr_merged previous exceptions.
+        */
+       ps->next_free = area_location(ps, ps->current_area) +
+                       ps->current_committed + 1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void persistent_drop_snapshot(struct dm_exception_store *store)
+{
+       struct pstore *ps = get_info(store);
+
+       ps->valid = 0;
+       if (write_header(ps))
+               DMWARN("write header failed");
+}
+
+static int persistent_ctr(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                         unsigned argc, char **argv)
+{
+       struct pstore *ps;
+
+       /* allocate the pstore */
+       ps = kzalloc(sizeof(*ps), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!ps)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       ps->store = store;
+       ps->valid = 1;
+       ps->version = SNAPSHOT_DISK_VERSION;
+       ps->area = NULL;
+       ps->zero_area = NULL;
+       ps->header_area = NULL;
+       ps->next_free = NUM_SNAPSHOT_HDR_CHUNKS + 1; /* header and 1st area */
+       ps->current_committed = 0;
+
+       ps->callback_count = 0;
+       atomic_set(&ps->pending_count, 0);
+       ps->callbacks = NULL;
+
+       ps->metadata_wq = alloc_workqueue("ksnaphd", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0);
+       if (!ps->metadata_wq) {
+               kfree(ps);
+               DMERR("couldn't start header metadata update thread");
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+
+       store->context = ps;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned persistent_status(struct dm_exception_store *store,
+                                 status_type_t status, char *result,
+                                 unsigned maxlen)
+{
+       unsigned sz = 0;
+
+       switch (status) {
+       case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
+               break;
+       case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
+               DMEMIT(" P %llu", (unsigned long long)store->chunk_size);
+       }
+
+       return sz;
+}
+
+static struct dm_exception_store_type _persistent_type = {
+       .name = "persistent",
+       .module = THIS_MODULE,
+       .ctr = persistent_ctr,
+       .dtr = persistent_dtr,
+       .read_metadata = persistent_read_metadata,
+       .prepare_exception = persistent_prepare_exception,
+       .commit_exception = persistent_commit_exception,
+       .prepare_merge = persistent_prepare_merge,
+       .commit_merge = persistent_commit_merge,
+       .drop_snapshot = persistent_drop_snapshot,
+       .usage = persistent_usage,
+       .status = persistent_status,
+};
+
+static struct dm_exception_store_type _persistent_compat_type = {
+       .name = "P",
+       .module = THIS_MODULE,
+       .ctr = persistent_ctr,
+       .dtr = persistent_dtr,
+       .read_metadata = persistent_read_metadata,
+       .prepare_exception = persistent_prepare_exception,
+       .commit_exception = persistent_commit_exception,
+       .prepare_merge = persistent_prepare_merge,
+       .commit_merge = persistent_commit_merge,
+       .drop_snapshot = persistent_drop_snapshot,
+       .usage = persistent_usage,
+       .status = persistent_status,
+};
+
+int dm_persistent_snapshot_init(void)
+{
+       int r;
+
+       r = dm_exception_store_type_register(&_persistent_type);
+       if (r) {
+               DMERR("Unable to register persistent exception store type");
+               return r;
+       }
+
+       r = dm_exception_store_type_register(&_persistent_compat_type);
+       if (r) {
+               DMERR("Unable to register old-style persistent exception "
+                     "store type");
+               dm_exception_store_type_unregister(&_persistent_type);
+               return r;
+       }
+
+       return r;
+}
+
+void dm_persistent_snapshot_exit(void)
+{
+       dm_exception_store_type_unregister(&_persistent_type);
+       dm_exception_store_type_unregister(&_persistent_compat_type);
+}