Add the rt linux 4.1.3-rt3 as base
[kvmfornfv.git] / kernel / lib / vsprintf.c
diff --git a/kernel/lib/vsprintf.c b/kernel/lib/vsprintf.c
new file mode 100644 (file)
index 0000000..da39c60
--- /dev/null
@@ -0,0 +1,2710 @@
+/*
+ *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ */
+
+/* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
+/*
+ * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
+ * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
+ * So Feb  1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
+ * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
+ */
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <linux/clk-provider.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>      /* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/ctype.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/dcache.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include <net/addrconf.h>
+
+#include <asm/page.h>          /* for PAGE_SIZE */
+#include <asm/sections.h>      /* for dereference_function_descriptor() */
+#include <asm/byteorder.h>     /* cpu_to_le16 */
+
+#include <linux/string_helpers.h>
+#include "kstrtox.h"
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoull instead.
+ */
+unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+       unsigned long long result;
+       unsigned int rv;
+
+       cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(cp, &base);
+       rv = _parse_integer(cp, base, &result);
+       /* FIXME */
+       cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
+
+       if (endp)
+               *endp = (char *)cp;
+
+       return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoul instead.
+ */
+unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+       return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtol instead.
+ */
+long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+       if (*cp == '-')
+               return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
+
+       return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoll instead.
+ */
+long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+       if (*cp == '-')
+               return -simple_strtoull(cp + 1, endp, base);
+
+       return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+int skip_atoi(const char **s)
+{
+       int i = 0;
+
+       do {
+               i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
+       } while (isdigit(**s));
+
+       return i;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
+ * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
+ * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
+ * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
+ * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
+ * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
+ * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
+ * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
+ * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
+ *
+ * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
+ * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
+ * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
+ * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
+ * irrelevant for our purpose.
+ *
+ * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
+ * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
+ *
+ * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
+ * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
+ * for all x <= 43698.
+ */
+
+static const u16 decpair[100] = {
+#define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
+       _( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
+       _(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
+       _(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
+       _(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
+       _(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
+       _(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
+       _(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
+       _(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
+       _(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
+       _(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
+#undef _
+};
+
+/*
+ * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
+ * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
+ * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
+ * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
+*/
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
+{
+       unsigned q;
+
+       /* 1 <= r < 10^8 */
+       if (r < 100)
+               goto out_r;
+
+       /* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
+       q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+       buf += 2;
+
+       /* 1 <= q < 10^6 */
+       if (q < 100)
+               goto out_q;
+
+       /*  100 <= q < 10^6 */
+       r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
+       buf += 2;
+
+       /* 1 <= r < 10^4 */
+       if (r < 100)
+               goto out_r;
+
+       /* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
+       q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+       buf += 2;
+out_q:
+       /* 1 <= q < 100 */
+       r = q;
+out_r:
+       /* 1 <= r < 100 */
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
+       buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
+       return buf;
+}
+
+#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
+{
+       unsigned q;
+
+       /* 0 <= r < 10^8 */
+       q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+       buf += 2;
+
+       /* 0 <= q < 10^6 */
+       r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
+       buf += 2;
+
+       /* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
+       q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+       buf += 2;
+
+       /* 0 <= q < 100 */
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
+       buf += 2;
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
+{
+       if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
+               buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
+       /* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
+       if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
+               buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
+       /* 1 <= n < 1e8 */
+       return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
+}
+
+#elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
+
+static void
+put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
+{
+       unsigned q;
+
+       /* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
+       q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+       buf += 2;
+       /* 0 <= q < 100 */
+       *((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
+ * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
+ * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999.  The largest value this
+ * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
+ * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
+{
+        uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
+
+        put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
+        return q;
+}
+
+/* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
+ * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
+ * (with permission from the author).
+ * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
+ */
+static
+char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
+{
+       uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
+
+       if (n < 100*1000*1000)
+               return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
+
+       d1  = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
+       h   = (n >> 32);
+       d2  = (h      ) & 0xffff;
+       d3  = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
+
+       /* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
+            = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
+       q   = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
+       q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
+
+       q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
+       q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
+
+       q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
+       q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
+
+       q += 281 * d3;
+       buf += 12;
+       if (q)
+               buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
+       else while (buf[-1] == '0')
+               --buf;
+
+       return buf;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Convert passed number to decimal string.
+ * Returns the length of string.  On buffer overflow, returns 0.
+ *
+ * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
+ */
+int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num)
+{
+       /* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
+       char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
+       int idx, len;
+
+       /* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
+       if (num <= 9) {
+               tmp[0] = '0' + num;
+               len = 1;
+       } else {
+               len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
+       }
+
+       if (len > size)
+               return 0;
+       for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
+               buf[idx] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
+       return len;
+}
+
+#define SIGN   1               /* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
+#define LEFT   2               /* left justified */
+#define PLUS   4               /* show plus */
+#define SPACE  8               /* space if plus */
+#define ZEROPAD        16              /* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
+#define SMALL  32              /* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
+#define SPECIAL        64              /* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
+
+enum format_type {
+       FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
+       FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_STR,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_PTR,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_LONG,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_UINT,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_INT,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T,
+       FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF
+};
+
+struct printf_spec {
+       u8      type;           /* format_type enum */
+       u8      flags;          /* flags to number() */
+       u8      base;           /* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
+       u8      qualifier;      /* number qualifier, one of 'hHlLtzZ' */
+       s16     field_width;    /* width of output field */
+       s16     precision;      /* # of digits/chars */
+};
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
+            struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+       /* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
+       char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
+       char sign;
+       char locase;
+       int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
+       int i;
+       bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
+
+       /* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
+        * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
+       locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
+       if (spec.flags & LEFT)
+               spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
+       sign = 0;
+       if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
+               if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
+                       sign = '-';
+                       num = -(signed long long)num;
+                       spec.field_width--;
+               } else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
+                       sign = '+';
+                       spec.field_width--;
+               } else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
+                       sign = ' ';
+                       spec.field_width--;
+               }
+       }
+       if (need_pfx) {
+               if (spec.base == 16)
+                       spec.field_width -= 2;
+               else if (!is_zero)
+                       spec.field_width--;
+       }
+
+       /* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
+       i = 0;
+       if (num < spec.base)
+               tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
+       else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
+               int mask = spec.base - 1;
+               int shift = 3;
+
+               if (spec.base == 16)
+                       shift = 4;
+               do {
+                       tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
+                       num >>= shift;
+               } while (num);
+       } else { /* base 10 */
+               i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
+       }
+
+       /* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
+       if (i > spec.precision)
+               spec.precision = i;
+       /* leading space padding */
+       spec.field_width -= spec.precision;
+       if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
+               while (--spec.field_width >= 0) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = ' ';
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+       }
+       /* sign */
+       if (sign) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = sign;
+               ++buf;
+       }
+       /* "0x" / "0" prefix */
+       if (need_pfx) {
+               if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = '0';
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+               if (spec.base == 16) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = ('X' | locase);
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+       }
+       /* zero or space padding */
+       if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+               char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
+               BUILD_BUG_ON(' ' + ZEROPAD != '0');
+               while (--spec.field_width >= 0) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = c;
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+       }
+       /* hmm even more zero padding? */
+       while (i <= --spec.precision) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = '0';
+               ++buf;
+       }
+       /* actual digits of result */
+       while (--i >= 0) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = tmp[i];
+               ++buf;
+       }
+       /* trailing space padding */
+       while (--spec.field_width >= 0) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = ' ';
+               ++buf;
+       }
+
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s, struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+       int len, i;
+
+       if ((unsigned long)s < PAGE_SIZE)
+               s = "(null)";
+
+       len = strnlen(s, spec.precision);
+
+       if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+               while (len < spec.field_width--) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = ' ';
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = *s;
+               ++buf; ++s;
+       }
+       while (len < spec.field_width--) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = ' ';
+               ++buf;
+       }
+
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static void widen(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
+{
+       size_t size;
+       if (buf >= end) /* nowhere to put anything */
+               return;
+       size = end - buf;
+       if (size <= spaces) {
+               memset(buf, ' ', size);
+               return;
+       }
+       if (len) {
+               if (len > size - spaces)
+                       len = size - spaces;
+               memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
+       }
+       memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
+                 const char *fmt)
+{
+       const char *array[4], *s;
+       const struct dentry *p;
+       int depth;
+       int i, n;
+
+       switch (fmt[1]) {
+               case '2': case '3': case '4':
+                       depth = fmt[1] - '0';
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       depth = 1;
+       }
+
+       rcu_read_lock();
+       for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
+               p = ACCESS_ONCE(d->d_parent);
+               array[i] = ACCESS_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
+               if (p == d) {
+                       if (i)
+                               array[i] = "";
+                       i++;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       s = array[--i];
+       for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
+               char c = *s++;
+               if (!c) {
+                       if (!i)
+                               break;
+                       c = '/';
+                       s = array[--i];
+               }
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = c;
+       }
+       rcu_read_unlock();
+       if (n < spec.field_width) {
+               /* we want to pad the sucker */
+               unsigned spaces = spec.field_width - n;
+               if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+                       widen(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
+                       return buf + spaces;
+               }
+               while (spaces--) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = ' ';
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+       }
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
+                   struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       unsigned long value;
+#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
+       char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
+#endif
+
+       if (fmt[1] == 'R')
+               ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
+       value = (unsigned long)ptr;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
+       if (*fmt == 'B')
+               sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
+       else if (*fmt != 'f' && *fmt != 's')
+               sprint_symbol(sym, value);
+       else
+               sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
+
+       return string(buf, end, sym, spec);
+#else
+       spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(void *);
+       spec.flags |= SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
+       spec.base = 16;
+
+       return number(buf, end, value, spec);
+#endif
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
+                     struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+#ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
+#define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE    6
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
+#define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE   10
+#endif
+       static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
+               .base = 16,
+               .field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
+               .precision = -1,
+               .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
+       };
+       static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
+               .base = 16,
+               .field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
+               .precision = -1,
+               .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
+       };
+       static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
+               .base = 16,
+               .field_width = 2,
+               .precision = -1,
+               .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
+       };
+       static const struct printf_spec dec_spec = {
+               .base = 10,
+               .precision = -1,
+               .flags = 0,
+       };
+       static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
+               .field_width = -1,
+               .precision = 10,
+               .flags = LEFT,
+       };
+       static const struct printf_spec flag_spec = {
+               .base = 16,
+               .precision = -1,
+               .flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
+       };
+
+       /* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
+        * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
+#define RSRC_BUF_SIZE          ((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
+#define FLAG_BUF_SIZE          (2 * sizeof(res->flags))
+#define DECODED_BUF_SIZE       sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
+#define RAW_BUF_SIZE           sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
+       char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
+                    2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
+
+       char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
+       int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
+       const struct printf_spec *specp;
+
+       *p++ = '[';
+       if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
+               p = string(p, pend, "io  ", str_spec);
+               specp = &io_spec;
+       } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
+               p = string(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
+               specp = &mem_spec;
+       } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
+               p = string(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
+               specp = &dec_spec;
+       } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
+               p = string(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
+               specp = &dec_spec;
+       } else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
+               p = string(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
+               specp = &bus_spec;
+       } else {
+               p = string(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
+               specp = &mem_spec;
+               decode = 0;
+       }
+       if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
+               p = string(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
+               p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
+       } else {
+               p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
+               if (res->start != res->end) {
+                       *p++ = '-';
+                       p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
+               }
+       }
+       if (decode) {
+               if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
+                       p = string(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
+               if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
+                       p = string(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
+               if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
+                       p = string(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
+               if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
+                       p = string(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
+       } else {
+               p = string(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
+               p = number(p, pend, res->flags, flag_spec);
+       }
+       *p++ = ']';
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return string(buf, end, sym, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
+                const char *fmt)
+{
+       int i, len = 1;         /* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
+                                  negative value, fallback to the default */
+       char separator;
+
+       if (spec.field_width == 0)
+               /* nothing to print */
+               return buf;
+
+       if (ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(addr))
+               /* NULL pointer */
+               return string(buf, end, NULL, spec);
+
+       switch (fmt[1]) {
+       case 'C':
+               separator = ':';
+               break;
+       case 'D':
+               separator = '-';
+               break;
+       case 'N':
+               separator = 0;
+               break;
+       default:
+               separator = ' ';
+               break;
+       }
+
+       if (spec.field_width > 0)
+               len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
+               ++buf;
+               if (buf < end)
+                       *buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
+               ++buf;
+
+               if (separator && i != len - 1) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = separator;
+                       ++buf;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
+                   struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
+       int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
+       int i, chunksz;
+       bool first = true;
+
+       /* reused to print numbers */
+       spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
+
+       chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
+       if (chunksz == 0)
+               chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
+
+       i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
+       for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
+               u32 chunkmask, val;
+               int word, bit;
+
+               chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
+               word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
+               bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
+               val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
+
+               if (!first) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = ',';
+                       buf++;
+               }
+               first = false;
+
+               spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
+               buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
+
+               chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
+       }
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
+                        struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
+       /* current bit is 'cur', most recently seen range is [rbot, rtop] */
+       int cur, rbot, rtop;
+       bool first = true;
+
+       /* reused to print numbers */
+       spec = (struct printf_spec){ .base = 10 };
+
+       rbot = cur = find_first_bit(bitmap, nr_bits);
+       while (cur < nr_bits) {
+               rtop = cur;
+               cur = find_next_bit(bitmap, nr_bits, cur + 1);
+               if (cur < nr_bits && cur <= rtop + 1)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (!first) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = ',';
+                       buf++;
+               }
+               first = false;
+
+               buf = number(buf, end, rbot, spec);
+               if (rbot < rtop) {
+                       if (buf < end)
+                               *buf = '-';
+                       buf++;
+
+                       buf = number(buf, end, rtop, spec);
+               }
+
+               rbot = cur;
+       }
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
+                        struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
+       char *p = mac_addr;
+       int i;
+       char separator;
+       bool reversed = false;
+
+       switch (fmt[1]) {
+       case 'F':
+               separator = '-';
+               break;
+
+       case 'R':
+               reversed = true;
+               /* fall through */
+
+       default:
+               separator = ':';
+               break;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+               if (reversed)
+                       p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
+               else
+                       p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
+
+               if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
+                       *p++ = separator;
+       }
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return string(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
+{
+       int i;
+       bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
+       int index;
+       int step;
+
+       switch (fmt[2]) {
+       case 'h':
+#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
+               index = 0;
+               step = 1;
+#else
+               index = 3;
+               step = -1;
+#endif
+               break;
+       case 'l':
+               index = 3;
+               step = -1;
+               break;
+       case 'n':
+       case 'b':
+       default:
+               index = 0;
+               step = 1;
+               break;
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+               char temp[4] __aligned(2);      /* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
+               int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
+               if (leading_zeros) {
+                       if (digits < 3)
+                               *p++ = '0';
+                       if (digits < 2)
+                               *p++ = '0';
+               }
+               /* reverse the digits in the quad */
+               while (digits--)
+                       *p++ = temp[digits];
+               if (i < 3)
+                       *p++ = '.';
+               index += step;
+       }
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return p;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
+{
+       int i, j, range;
+       unsigned char zerolength[8];
+       int longest = 1;
+       int colonpos = -1;
+       u16 word;
+       u8 hi, lo;
+       bool needcolon = false;
+       bool useIPv4;
+       struct in6_addr in6;
+
+       memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
+
+       useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
+
+       memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
+
+       if (useIPv4)
+               range = 6;
+       else
+               range = 8;
+
+       /* find position of longest 0 run */
+       for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
+               for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
+                       if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
+                               break;
+                       zerolength[i]++;
+               }
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
+               if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
+                       longest = zerolength[i];
+                       colonpos = i;
+               }
+       }
+       if (longest == 1)               /* don't compress a single 0 */
+               colonpos = -1;
+
+       /* emit address */
+       for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
+               if (i == colonpos) {
+                       if (needcolon || i == 0)
+                               *p++ = ':';
+                       *p++ = ':';
+                       needcolon = false;
+                       i += longest - 1;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (needcolon) {
+                       *p++ = ':';
+                       needcolon = false;
+               }
+               /* hex u16 without leading 0s */
+               word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
+               hi = word >> 8;
+               lo = word & 0xff;
+               if (hi) {
+                       if (hi > 0x0f)
+                               p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
+                       else
+                               *p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
+                       p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
+               }
+               else if (lo > 0x0f)
+                       p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
+               else
+                       *p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
+               needcolon = true;
+       }
+
+       if (useIPv4) {
+               if (needcolon)
+                       *p++ = ':';
+               p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
+       }
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return p;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+               p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
+               p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
+               if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
+                       *p++ = ':';
+       }
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return p;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+                     struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
+
+       if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
+               ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
+       else
+               ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
+
+       return string(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+                     struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
+
+       ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
+
+       return string(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
+                        struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
+       char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
+                     sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
+                     sizeof("%1234567890")];
+       char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
+       const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
+       char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
+       u8 off = 0;
+
+       fmt++;
+       while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
+               switch (*fmt) {
+               case 'p':
+                       have_p = true;
+                       break;
+               case 'f':
+                       have_f = true;
+                       break;
+               case 's':
+                       have_s = true;
+                       break;
+               case 'c':
+                       have_c = true;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
+               *p = '[';
+               off = 1;
+       }
+
+       if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
+               p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
+       else
+               p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
+
+       if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
+               *p++ = ']';
+
+       if (have_p) {
+               *p++ = ':';
+               p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
+       }
+       if (have_f) {
+               *p++ = '/';
+               p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
+                                         IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
+       }
+       if (have_s) {
+               *p++ = '%';
+               p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
+       }
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return string(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
+                        struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       bool have_p = false;
+       char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
+       char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
+       const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
+       char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
+
+       fmt++;
+       while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
+               switch (*fmt) {
+               case 'p':
+                       have_p = true;
+                       break;
+               case 'h':
+               case 'l':
+               case 'n':
+               case 'b':
+                       fmt4[2] = *fmt;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
+       if (have_p) {
+               *p++ = ':';
+               p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
+       }
+       *p = '\0';
+
+       return string(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
+                    const char *fmt)
+{
+       bool found = true;
+       int count = 1;
+       unsigned int flags = 0;
+       int len;
+
+       if (spec.field_width == 0)
+               return buf;                             /* nothing to print */
+
+       if (ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(addr))
+               return string(buf, end, NULL, spec);    /* NULL pointer */
+
+
+       do {
+               switch (fmt[count++]) {
+               case 'a':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
+                       break;
+               case 'c':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
+                       break;
+               case 'h':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
+                       break;
+               case 'n':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
+                       break;
+               case 'o':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
+                       break;
+               case 'p':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_NP;
+                       break;
+               case 's':
+                       flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       found = false;
+                       break;
+               }
+       } while (found);
+
+       if (!flags)
+               flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
+
+       len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
+
+       /*
+        * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
+        * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
+        * had the buffer been big enough.
+        */
+       buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
+
+       return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+                 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       char uuid[sizeof("xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx")];
+       char *p = uuid;
+       int i;
+       static const u8 be[16] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15};
+       static const u8 le[16] = {3,2,1,0,5,4,7,6,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15};
+       const u8 *index = be;
+       bool uc = false;
+
+       switch (*(++fmt)) {
+       case 'L':
+               uc = true;              /* fall-through */
+       case 'l':
+               index = le;
+               break;
+       case 'B':
+               uc = true;
+               break;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+               p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
+               switch (i) {
+               case 3:
+               case 5:
+               case 7:
+               case 9:
+                       *p++ = '-';
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       *p = 0;
+
+       if (uc) {
+               p = uuid;
+               do {
+                       *p = toupper(*p);
+               } while (*(++p));
+       }
+
+       return string(buf, end, uuid, spec);
+}
+
+static
+char *netdev_feature_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+                     struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+       spec.flags |= SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
+       if (spec.field_width == -1)
+               spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * sizeof(netdev_features_t);
+       spec.base = 16;
+
+       return number(buf, end, *(const netdev_features_t *)addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
+                 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+       unsigned long long num;
+
+       spec.flags |= SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
+       spec.base = 16;
+
+       switch (fmt[1]) {
+       case 'd':
+               num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
+               spec.field_width = sizeof(dma_addr_t) * 2 + 2;
+               break;
+       case 'p':
+       default:
+               num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
+               spec.field_width = sizeof(phys_addr_t) * 2 + 2;
+               break;
+       }
+
+       return number(buf, end, num, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
+           const char *fmt)
+{
+       if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK) || !clk)
+               return string(buf, end, NULL, spec);
+
+       switch (fmt[1]) {
+       case 'r':
+               return number(buf, end, clk_get_rate(clk), spec);
+
+       case 'n':
+       default:
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
+               return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
+#else
+               spec.base = 16;
+               spec.field_width = sizeof(unsigned long) * 2 + 2;
+               spec.flags |= SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
+               return number(buf, end, (unsigned long)clk, spec);
+#endif
+       }
+}
+
+int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
+
+/*
+ * Show a '%p' thing.  A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
+ * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
+ * specifiers.
+ *
+ * Right now we handle:
+ *
+ * - 'F' For symbolic function descriptor pointers with offset
+ * - 'f' For simple symbolic function names without offset
+ * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers with offset
+ * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers without offset
+ * - '[FfSs]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
+ * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
+ * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
+ * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
+ * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
+ *       width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
+ *       format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
+ *       range-list format instead of hex format
+ * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
+ *       usual colon-separated hex notation
+ * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
+ * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
+ *       with a dash-separated hex notation
+ * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
+ * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
+ *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
+ *       IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
+ *       [S][pfs]
+ *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
+ *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
+ * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
+ *       IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
+ *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
+ *       [S][pfs]
+ *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
+ *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
+ * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
+ * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
+ *       http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
+ * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
+ *                of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
+ *                details):
+ *                  a - ESCAPE_ANY
+ *                  c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
+ *                  h - ESCAPE_HEX
+ *                  n - ESCAPE_NULL
+ *                  o - ESCAPE_OCTAL
+ *                  p - ESCAPE_NP
+ *                  s - ESCAPE_SPACE
+ *                By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
+ * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
+ *       "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
+ *       Options for %pU are:
+ *         b big endian lower case hex (default)
+ *         B big endian UPPER case hex
+ *         l little endian lower case hex
+ *         L little endian UPPER case hex
+ *           big endian output byte order is:
+ *             [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
+ *           little endian output byte order is:
+ *             [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
+ * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
+ *       call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
+ *       Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
+ *       Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
+ *       correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
+ * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users
+ * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
+ * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
+ *            a certain separator (' ' by default):
+ *              C colon
+ *              D dash
+ *              N no separator
+ *            The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
+ *            to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
+ * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
+ *           (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
+ * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
+ * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
+ * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
+ *       (legacy clock framework) of the clock
+ * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
+ *        (legacy clock framework) of the clock
+ * - 'Cr' For a clock, it prints the current rate of the clock
+ *
+ * Note: The difference between 'S' and 'F' is that on ia64 and ppc64
+ * function pointers are really function descriptors, which contain a
+ * pointer to the real address.
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
+             struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+       int default_width = 2 * sizeof(void *) + (spec.flags & SPECIAL ? 2 : 0);
+
+       if (!ptr && *fmt != 'K') {
+               /*
+                * Print (null) with the same width as a pointer so it makes
+                * tabular output look nice.
+                */
+               if (spec.field_width == -1)
+                       spec.field_width = default_width;
+               return string(buf, end, "(null)", spec);
+       }
+
+       switch (*fmt) {
+       case 'F':
+       case 'f':
+               ptr = dereference_function_descriptor(ptr);
+               /* Fallthrough */
+       case 'S':
+       case 's':
+       case 'B':
+               return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'R':
+       case 'r':
+               return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'h':
+               return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'b':
+               switch (fmt[1]) {
+               case 'l':
+                       return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+               default:
+                       return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+               }
+       case 'M':                       /* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
+       case 'm':                       /* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
+                                       /* [mM]F (FDDI) */
+                                       /* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
+               return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'I':                       /* Formatted IP supported
+                                        * 4:   1.2.3.4
+                                        * 6:   0001:0203:...:0708
+                                        * 6c:  1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
+                                        */
+       case 'i':                       /* Contiguous:
+                                        * 4:   001.002.003.004
+                                        * 6:   000102...0f
+                                        */
+               switch (fmt[1]) {
+               case '6':
+                       return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+               case '4':
+                       return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+               case 'S': {
+                       const union {
+                               struct sockaddr         raw;
+                               struct sockaddr_in      v4;
+                               struct sockaddr_in6     v6;
+                       } *sa = ptr;
+
+                       switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
+                       case AF_INET:
+                               return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
+                       case AF_INET6:
+                               return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
+                       default:
+                               return string(buf, end, "(invalid address)", spec);
+                       }}
+               }
+               break;
+       case 'E':
+               return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'U':
+               return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'V':
+               {
+                       va_list va;
+
+                       va_copy(va, *((struct va_format *)ptr)->va);
+                       buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0,
+                                        ((struct va_format *)ptr)->fmt, va);
+                       va_end(va);
+                       return buf;
+               }
+       case 'K':
+               /*
+                * %pK cannot be used in IRQ context because its test
+                * for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
+                */
+               if (kptr_restrict && (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() ||
+                                     in_nmi())) {
+                       if (spec.field_width == -1)
+                               spec.field_width = default_width;
+                       return string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
+               }
+
+               switch (kptr_restrict) {
+               case 0:
+                       /* Always print %pK values */
+                       break;
+               case 1: {
+                       /*
+                        * Only print the real pointer value if the current
+                        * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
+                        * same credentials it started with. This is because
+                        * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
+                        * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
+                        * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
+                        * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
+                        */
+                       const struct cred *cred = current_cred();
+
+                       if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
+                           !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
+                           !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
+                               ptr = NULL;
+                       break;
+               }
+               case 2:
+               default:
+                       /* Always print 0's for %pK */
+                       ptr = NULL;
+                       break;
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case 'N':
+               switch (fmt[1]) {
+               case 'F':
+                       return netdev_feature_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
+               }
+               break;
+       case 'a':
+               return address_val(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'd':
+               return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'C':
+               return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+       case 'D':
+               return dentry_name(buf, end,
+                                  ((const struct file *)ptr)->f_path.dentry,
+                                  spec, fmt);
+       }
+       spec.flags |= SMALL;
+       if (spec.field_width == -1) {
+               spec.field_width = default_width;
+               spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
+       }
+       spec.base = 16;
+
+       return number(buf, end, (unsigned long) ptr, spec);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to decode printf style format.
+ * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
+ * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
+ * to go on the next call).
+ * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
+ *
+ * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
+ * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
+ * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
+ * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
+ *
+ * @fmt: the format string
+ * @type of the token returned
+ * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
+ * @field_width: overwritten width
+ * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
+ * @precision: precision of a number
+ * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
+{
+       const char *start = fmt;
+
+       /* we finished early by reading the field width */
+       if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
+               if (spec->field_width < 0) {
+                       spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
+                       spec->flags |= LEFT;
+               }
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
+               goto precision;
+       }
+
+       /* we finished early by reading the precision */
+       if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
+               if (spec->precision < 0)
+                       spec->precision = 0;
+
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
+               goto qualifier;
+       }
+
+       /* By default */
+       spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
+
+       for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
+               if (*fmt == '%')
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       /* Return the current non-format string */
+       if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
+               return fmt - start;
+
+       /* Process flags */
+       spec->flags = 0;
+
+       while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
+               bool found = true;
+
+               ++fmt;
+
+               switch (*fmt) {
+               case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT;    break;
+               case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS;    break;
+               case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE;   break;
+               case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
+               case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
+               default:  found = false;
+               }
+
+               if (!found)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       /* get field width */
+       spec->field_width = -1;
+
+       if (isdigit(*fmt))
+               spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
+       else if (*fmt == '*') {
+               /* it's the next argument */
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
+               return ++fmt - start;
+       }
+
+precision:
+       /* get the precision */
+       spec->precision = -1;
+       if (*fmt == '.') {
+               ++fmt;
+               if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
+                       spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
+                       if (spec->precision < 0)
+                               spec->precision = 0;
+               } else if (*fmt == '*') {
+                       /* it's the next argument */
+                       spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
+                       return ++fmt - start;
+               }
+       }
+
+qualifier:
+       /* get the conversion qualifier */
+       spec->qualifier = -1;
+       if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
+           _tolower(*fmt) == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
+               spec->qualifier = *fmt++;
+               if (unlikely(spec->qualifier == *fmt)) {
+                       if (spec->qualifier == 'l') {
+                               spec->qualifier = 'L';
+                               ++fmt;
+                       } else if (spec->qualifier == 'h') {
+                               spec->qualifier = 'H';
+                               ++fmt;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* default base */
+       spec->base = 10;
+       switch (*fmt) {
+       case 'c':
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
+               return ++fmt - start;
+
+       case 's':
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
+               return ++fmt - start;
+
+       case 'p':
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
+               return ++fmt - start;
+
+       case '%':
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
+               return ++fmt - start;
+
+       /* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
+       case 'o':
+               spec->base = 8;
+               break;
+
+       case 'x':
+               spec->flags |= SMALL;
+
+       case 'X':
+               spec->base = 16;
+               break;
+
+       case 'd':
+       case 'i':
+               spec->flags |= SIGN;
+       case 'u':
+               break;
+
+       case 'n':
+               /*
+                * Since %n poses a greater security risk than utility, treat
+                * it as an invalid format specifier. Warn about its use so
+                * that new instances don't get added.
+                */
+               WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove ignored %%n in '%s'\n", fmt);
+               /* Fall-through */
+
+       default:
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
+               return fmt - start;
+       }
+
+       if (spec->qualifier == 'L')
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
+       else if (spec->qualifier == 'l') {
+               BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+       } else if (_tolower(spec->qualifier) == 'z') {
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
+       } else if (spec->qualifier == 't') {
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
+       } else if (spec->qualifier == 'H') {
+               BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+       } else if (spec->qualifier == 'h') {
+               BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+       } else {
+               BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
+               spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+       }
+
+       return ++fmt - start;
+}
+
+/**
+ * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * This function follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
+ * %pS output the name of a text symbol with offset
+ * %ps output the name of a text symbol without offset
+ * %pF output the name of a function pointer with its offset
+ * %pf output the name of a function pointer without its offset
+ * %pB output the name of a backtrace symbol with its offset
+ * %pR output the address range in a struct resource with decoded flags
+ * %pr output the address range in a struct resource with raw flags
+ * %pb output the bitmap with field width as the number of bits
+ * %pbl output the bitmap as range list with field width as the number of bits
+ * %pM output a 6-byte MAC address with colons
+ * %pMR output a 6-byte MAC address with colons in reversed order
+ * %pMF output a 6-byte MAC address with dashes
+ * %pm output a 6-byte MAC address without colons
+ * %pmR output a 6-byte MAC address without colons in reversed order
+ * %pI4 print an IPv4 address without leading zeros
+ * %pi4 print an IPv4 address with leading zeros
+ * %pI6 print an IPv6 address with colons
+ * %pi6 print an IPv6 address without colons
+ * %pI6c print an IPv6 address as specified by RFC 5952
+ * %pIS depending on sa_family of 'struct sockaddr *' print IPv4/IPv6 address
+ * %piS depending on sa_family of 'struct sockaddr *' print IPv4/IPv6 address
+ * %pU[bBlL] print a UUID/GUID in big or little endian using lower or upper
+ *   case.
+ * %*pE[achnops] print an escaped buffer
+ * %*ph[CDN] a variable-length hex string with a separator (supports up to 64
+ *           bytes of the input)
+ * %pC output the name (Common Clock Framework) or address (legacy clock
+ *     framework) of a clock
+ * %pCn output the name (Common Clock Framework) or address (legacy clock
+ *      framework) of a clock
+ * %pCr output the current rate of a clock
+ * %n is ignored
+ *
+ * ** Please update Documentation/printk-formats.txt when making changes **
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which would
+ * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
+ * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
+ * number of characters written into @buf as return value
+ * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
+ * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
+ * string is truncated.
+ *
+ * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
+ */
+int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+       unsigned long long num;
+       char *str, *end;
+       struct printf_spec spec = {0};
+
+       /* Reject out-of-range values early.  Large positive sizes are
+          used for unknown buffer sizes. */
+       if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
+               return 0;
+
+       str = buf;
+       end = buf + size;
+
+       /* Make sure end is always >= buf */
+       if (end < buf) {
+               end = ((void *)-1);
+               size = end - buf;
+       }
+
+       while (*fmt) {
+               const char *old_fmt = fmt;
+               int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
+
+               fmt += read;
+
+               switch (spec.type) {
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
+                       int copy = read;
+                       if (str < end) {
+                               if (copy > end - str)
+                                       copy = end - str;
+                               memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
+                       }
+                       str += read;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
+                       spec.field_width = va_arg(args, int);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
+                       spec.precision = va_arg(args, int);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
+                       char c;
+
+                       if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+                               while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+                                       if (str < end)
+                                               *str = ' ';
+                                       ++str;
+
+                               }
+                       }
+                       c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
+                       if (str < end)
+                               *str = c;
+                       ++str;
+                       while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+                               if (str < end)
+                                       *str = ' ';
+                               ++str;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
+                       str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
+                       str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
+                                     spec);
+                       while (isalnum(*fmt))
+                               fmt++;
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
+                       if (str < end)
+                               *str = '%';
+                       ++str;
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
+                       if (str < end)
+                               *str = '%';
+                       ++str;
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       switch (spec.type) {
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+                               num = va_arg(args, long long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
+                               num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
+                               num = va_arg(args, long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
+                               if (spec.flags & SIGN)
+                                       num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
+                               else
+                                       num = va_arg(args, size_t);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
+                               num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
+                               num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
+                               num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
+                               num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
+                               num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
+                               num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
+                       }
+
+                       str = number(str, end, num, spec);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (size > 0) {
+               if (str < end)
+                       *str = '\0';
+               else
+                       end[-1] = '\0';
+       }
+
+       /* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
+       return str-buf;
+
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
+
+/**
+ * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
+ * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
+ * returns 0.
+ *
+ * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
+
+       if (likely(i < size))
+               return i;
+       if (size != 0)
+               return size - 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
+
+/**
+ * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which would be
+ * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
+ * as per ISO C99.  If the return is greater than or equal to
+ * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list args;
+       int i;
+
+       va_start(args, fmt);
+       i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
+       va_end(args);
+
+       return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
+
+/**
+ * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
+ * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
+ */
+
+int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list args;
+       int i;
+
+       va_start(args, fmt);
+       i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
+       va_end(args);
+
+       return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
+
+/**
+ * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of characters written
+ * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
+ * buffer overflows.
+ *
+ * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+       return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
+
+/**
+ * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of characters written
+ * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
+ * buffer overflows.
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list args;
+       int i;
+
+       va_start(args, fmt);
+       i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
+       va_end(args);
+
+       return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
+/*
+ * bprintf service:
+ * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
+ * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
+ */
+
+/**
+ * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
+ * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
+ * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
+ * is skipped.
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
+ * the given input.
+ *
+ * NOTE:
+ * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
+ * valid for bstr_printf().
+ */
+int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+       struct printf_spec spec = {0};
+       char *str, *end;
+
+       str = (char *)bin_buf;
+       end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
+
+#define save_arg(type)                                                 \
+do {                                                                   \
+       if (sizeof(type) == 8) {                                        \
+               unsigned long long value;                               \
+               str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32));                      \
+               value = va_arg(args, unsigned long long);               \
+               if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) {                        \
+                       *(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&value;                   \
+                       *(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&value + 1);       \
+               }                                                       \
+       } else {                                                        \
+               unsigned long value;                                    \
+               str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type));                     \
+               value = va_arg(args, int);                              \
+               if (str + sizeof(type) <= end)                          \
+                       *(typeof(type) *)str = (type)value;             \
+       }                                                               \
+       str += sizeof(type);                                            \
+} while (0)
+
+       while (*fmt) {
+               int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
+
+               fmt += read;
+
+               switch (spec.type) {
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
+                       save_arg(int);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
+                       save_arg(char);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
+                       const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
+                       size_t len;
+
+                       if ((unsigned long)save_str > (unsigned long)-PAGE_SIZE
+                                       || (unsigned long)save_str < PAGE_SIZE)
+                               save_str = "(null)";
+                       len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
+                       if (str + len < end)
+                               memcpy(str, save_str, len);
+                       str += len;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
+                       save_arg(void *);
+                       /* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
+                       while (isalnum(*fmt))
+                               fmt++;
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       switch (spec.type) {
+
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+                               save_arg(long long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
+                               save_arg(unsigned long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
+                               save_arg(size_t);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
+                               save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
+                               save_arg(char);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
+                               save_arg(short);
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               save_arg(int);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
+#undef save_arg
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
+
+/**
+ * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
+ * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
+ * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
+ *
+ * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
+ *  see vsnprintf comment for details.
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which would
+ * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
+ * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
+ * number of characters written into @buf as return value
+ * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
+ * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
+ * string is truncated.
+ */
+int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
+{
+       struct printf_spec spec = {0};
+       char *str, *end;
+       const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
+
+       if (WARN_ON_ONCE((int) size < 0))
+               return 0;
+
+       str = buf;
+       end = buf + size;
+
+#define get_arg(type)                                                  \
+({                                                                     \
+       typeof(type) value;                                             \
+       if (sizeof(type) == 8) {                                        \
+               args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32));                    \
+               *(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args;                          \
+               *((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4);              \
+       } else {                                                        \
+               args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type));                   \
+               value = *(typeof(type) *)args;                          \
+       }                                                               \
+       args += sizeof(type);                                           \
+       value;                                                          \
+})
+
+       /* Make sure end is always >= buf */
+       if (end < buf) {
+               end = ((void *)-1);
+               size = end - buf;
+       }
+
+       while (*fmt) {
+               const char *old_fmt = fmt;
+               int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
+
+               fmt += read;
+
+               switch (spec.type) {
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
+                       int copy = read;
+                       if (str < end) {
+                               if (copy > end - str)
+                                       copy = end - str;
+                               memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
+                       }
+                       str += read;
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
+                       spec.field_width = get_arg(int);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
+                       spec.precision = get_arg(int);
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
+                       char c;
+
+                       if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+                               while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+                                       if (str < end)
+                                               *str = ' ';
+                                       ++str;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
+                       if (str < end)
+                               *str = c;
+                       ++str;
+                       while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+                               if (str < end)
+                                       *str = ' ';
+                               ++str;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
+                       const char *str_arg = args;
+                       args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
+                       str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
+                       str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
+                       while (isalnum(*fmt))
+                               fmt++;
+                       break;
+
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
+               case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
+                       if (str < end)
+                               *str = '%';
+                       ++str;
+                       break;
+
+               default: {
+                       unsigned long long num;
+
+                       switch (spec.type) {
+
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+                               num = get_arg(long long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
+                               num = get_arg(unsigned long);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
+                               num = get_arg(size_t);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
+                               num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
+                               num = get_arg(unsigned char);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
+                               num = get_arg(signed char);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
+                               num = get_arg(unsigned short);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
+                               num = get_arg(short);
+                               break;
+                       case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
+                               num = get_arg(unsigned int);
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               num = get_arg(int);
+                       }
+
+                       str = number(str, end, num, spec);
+               } /* default: */
+               } /* switch(spec.type) */
+       } /* while(*fmt) */
+
+       if (size > 0) {
+               if (str < end)
+                       *str = '\0';
+               else
+                       end[-1] = '\0';
+       }
+
+#undef get_arg
+
+       /* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
+       return str - buf;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
+
+/**
+ * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
+ * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
+ * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
+ * into @bin_buf.
+ */
+int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list args;
+       int ret;
+
+       va_start(args, fmt);
+       ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
+       va_end(args);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
+
+/**
+ * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
+ * @buf:       input buffer
+ * @fmt:       format of buffer
+ * @args:      arguments
+ */
+int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+       const char *str = buf;
+       char *next;
+       char digit;
+       int num = 0;
+       u8 qualifier;
+       unsigned int base;
+       union {
+               long long s;
+               unsigned long long u;
+       } val;
+       s16 field_width;
+       bool is_sign;
+
+       while (*fmt) {
+               /* skip any white space in format */
+               /* white space in format matchs any amount of
+                * white space, including none, in the input.
+                */
+               if (isspace(*fmt)) {
+                       fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
+                       str = skip_spaces(str);
+               }
+
+               /* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
+               if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
+                       if (*fmt++ != *str++)
+                               break;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!*fmt)
+                       break;
+               ++fmt;
+
+               /* skip this conversion.
+                * advance both strings to next white space
+                */
+               if (*fmt == '*') {
+                       if (!*str)
+                               break;
+                       while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt)
+                               fmt++;
+                       while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
+                               str++;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /* get field width */
+               field_width = -1;
+               if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
+                       field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
+                       if (field_width <= 0)
+                               break;
+               }
+
+               /* get conversion qualifier */
+               qualifier = -1;
+               if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
+                   _tolower(*fmt) == 'z') {
+                       qualifier = *fmt++;
+                       if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
+                               if (qualifier == 'h') {
+                                       qualifier = 'H';
+                                       fmt++;
+                               } else if (qualifier == 'l') {
+                                       qualifier = 'L';
+                                       fmt++;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (!*fmt)
+                       break;
+
+               if (*fmt == 'n') {
+                       /* return number of characters read so far */
+                       *va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
+                       ++fmt;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!*str)
+                       break;
+
+               base = 10;
+               is_sign = false;
+
+               switch (*fmt++) {
+               case 'c':
+               {
+                       char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
+                       if (field_width == -1)
+                               field_width = 1;
+                       do {
+                               *s++ = *str++;
+                       } while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
+                       num++;
+               }
+               continue;
+               case 's':
+               {
+                       char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
+                       if (field_width == -1)
+                               field_width = SHRT_MAX;
+                       /* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
+                       str = skip_spaces(str);
+
+                       /* now copy until next white space */
+                       while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
+                               *s++ = *str++;
+                       *s = '\0';
+                       num++;
+               }
+               continue;
+               case 'o':
+                       base = 8;
+                       break;
+               case 'x':
+               case 'X':
+                       base = 16;
+                       break;
+               case 'i':
+                       base = 0;
+               case 'd':
+                       is_sign = true;
+               case 'u':
+                       break;
+               case '%':
+                       /* looking for '%' in str */
+                       if (*str++ != '%')
+                               return num;
+                       continue;
+               default:
+                       /* invalid format; stop here */
+                       return num;
+               }
+
+               /* have some sort of integer conversion.
+                * first, skip white space in buffer.
+                */
+               str = skip_spaces(str);
+
+               digit = *str;
+               if (is_sign && digit == '-')
+                       digit = *(str + 1);
+
+               if (!digit
+                   || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
+                   || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
+                   || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
+                   || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
+                       break;
+
+               if (is_sign)
+                       val.s = qualifier != 'L' ?
+                               simple_strtol(str, &next, base) :
+                               simple_strtoll(str, &next, base);
+               else
+                       val.u = qualifier != 'L' ?
+                               simple_strtoul(str, &next, base) :
+                               simple_strtoull(str, &next, base);
+
+               if (field_width > 0 && next - str > field_width) {
+                       if (base == 0)
+                               _parse_integer_fixup_radix(str, &base);
+                       while (next - str > field_width) {
+                               if (is_sign)
+                                       val.s = div_s64(val.s, base);
+                               else
+                                       val.u = div_u64(val.u, base);
+                               --next;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               switch (qualifier) {
+               case 'H':       /* that's 'hh' in format */
+                       if (is_sign)
+                               *va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
+                       else
+                               *va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
+                       break;
+               case 'h':
+                       if (is_sign)
+                               *va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
+                       else
+                               *va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
+                       break;
+               case 'l':
+                       if (is_sign)
+                               *va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
+                       else
+                               *va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
+                       break;
+               case 'L':
+                       if (is_sign)
+                               *va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
+                       else
+                               *va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
+                       break;
+               case 'Z':
+               case 'z':
+                       *va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       if (is_sign)
+                               *va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
+                       else
+                               *va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
+                       break;
+               }
+               num++;
+
+               if (!next)
+                       break;
+               str = next;
+       }
+
+       return num;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
+
+/**
+ * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
+ * @buf:       input buffer
+ * @fmt:       formatting of buffer
+ * @...:       resulting arguments
+ */
+int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       va_list args;
+       int i;
+
+       va_start(args, fmt);
+       i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
+       va_end(args);
+
+       return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);