4 * Copyright 2001 David Brownell
5 * Copyright 2007 Intel Corporation
6 * Author: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
8 * This software may be redistributed and/or modified under the terms of
9 * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 as published by the
10 * Free Software Foundation.
12 * This allocator returns small blocks of a given size which are DMA-able by
13 * the given device. It uses the dma_alloc_coherent page allocator to get
14 * new pages, then splits them up into blocks of the required size.
15 * Many older drivers still have their own code to do this.
17 * The current design of this allocator is fairly simple. The pool is
18 * represented by the 'struct dma_pool' which keeps a doubly-linked list of
19 * allocated pages. Each page in the page_list is split into blocks of at
20 * least 'size' bytes. Free blocks are tracked in an unsorted singly-linked
21 * list of free blocks within the page. Used blocks aren't tracked, but we
22 * keep a count of how many are currently allocated from each page.
25 #include <linux/device.h>
26 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
27 #include <linux/dmapool.h>
28 #include <linux/kernel.h>
29 #include <linux/list.h>
30 #include <linux/export.h>
31 #include <linux/mutex.h>
32 #include <linux/poison.h>
33 #include <linux/sched.h>
34 #include <linux/slab.h>
35 #include <linux/stat.h>
36 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
37 #include <linux/string.h>
38 #include <linux/types.h>
39 #include <linux/wait.h>
41 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB) || defined(CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG_ON)
42 #define DMAPOOL_DEBUG 1
45 struct dma_pool { /* the pool */
46 struct list_head page_list;
53 struct list_head pools;
56 struct dma_page { /* cacheable header for 'allocation' bytes */
57 struct list_head page_list;
64 static DEFINE_MUTEX(pools_lock);
65 static DEFINE_MUTEX(pools_reg_lock);
68 show_pools(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
73 struct dma_page *page;
74 struct dma_pool *pool;
79 temp = scnprintf(next, size, "poolinfo - 0.1\n");
83 mutex_lock(&pools_lock);
84 list_for_each_entry(pool, &dev->dma_pools, pools) {
88 spin_lock_irq(&pool->lock);
89 list_for_each_entry(page, &pool->page_list, page_list) {
91 blocks += page->in_use;
93 spin_unlock_irq(&pool->lock);
95 /* per-pool info, no real statistics yet */
96 temp = scnprintf(next, size, "%-16s %4u %4Zu %4Zu %2u\n",
98 pages * (pool->allocation / pool->size),
103 mutex_unlock(&pools_lock);
105 return PAGE_SIZE - size;
108 static DEVICE_ATTR(pools, S_IRUGO, show_pools, NULL);
111 * dma_pool_create - Creates a pool of consistent memory blocks, for dma.
112 * @name: name of pool, for diagnostics
113 * @dev: device that will be doing the DMA
114 * @size: size of the blocks in this pool.
115 * @align: alignment requirement for blocks; must be a power of two
116 * @boundary: returned blocks won't cross this power of two boundary
117 * Context: !in_interrupt()
119 * Returns a dma allocation pool with the requested characteristics, or
120 * null if one can't be created. Given one of these pools, dma_pool_alloc()
121 * may be used to allocate memory. Such memory will all have "consistent"
122 * DMA mappings, accessible by the device and its driver without using
123 * cache flushing primitives. The actual size of blocks allocated may be
124 * larger than requested because of alignment.
126 * If @boundary is nonzero, objects returned from dma_pool_alloc() won't
127 * cross that size boundary. This is useful for devices which have
128 * addressing restrictions on individual DMA transfers, such as not crossing
129 * boundaries of 4KBytes.
131 struct dma_pool *dma_pool_create(const char *name, struct device *dev,
132 size_t size, size_t align, size_t boundary)
134 struct dma_pool *retval;
140 else if (align & (align - 1))
148 if ((size % align) != 0)
149 size = ALIGN(size, align);
151 allocation = max_t(size_t, size, PAGE_SIZE);
154 boundary = allocation;
155 else if ((boundary < size) || (boundary & (boundary - 1)))
158 retval = kmalloc_node(sizeof(*retval), GFP_KERNEL, dev_to_node(dev));
162 strlcpy(retval->name, name, sizeof(retval->name));
166 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&retval->page_list);
167 spin_lock_init(&retval->lock);
169 retval->boundary = boundary;
170 retval->allocation = allocation;
172 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&retval->pools);
175 * pools_lock ensures that the ->dma_pools list does not get corrupted.
176 * pools_reg_lock ensures that there is not a race between
177 * dma_pool_create() and dma_pool_destroy() or within dma_pool_create()
178 * when the first invocation of dma_pool_create() failed on
179 * device_create_file() and the second assumes that it has been done (I
180 * know it is a short window).
182 mutex_lock(&pools_reg_lock);
183 mutex_lock(&pools_lock);
184 if (list_empty(&dev->dma_pools))
186 list_add(&retval->pools, &dev->dma_pools);
187 mutex_unlock(&pools_lock);
191 err = device_create_file(dev, &dev_attr_pools);
193 mutex_lock(&pools_lock);
194 list_del(&retval->pools);
195 mutex_unlock(&pools_lock);
196 mutex_unlock(&pools_reg_lock);
201 mutex_unlock(&pools_reg_lock);
204 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_pool_create);
206 static void pool_initialise_page(struct dma_pool *pool, struct dma_page *page)
208 unsigned int offset = 0;
209 unsigned int next_boundary = pool->boundary;
212 unsigned int next = offset + pool->size;
213 if (unlikely((next + pool->size) >= next_boundary)) {
214 next = next_boundary;
215 next_boundary += pool->boundary;
217 *(int *)(page->vaddr + offset) = next;
219 } while (offset < pool->allocation);
222 static struct dma_page *pool_alloc_page(struct dma_pool *pool, gfp_t mem_flags)
224 struct dma_page *page;
226 page = kmalloc(sizeof(*page), mem_flags);
229 page->vaddr = dma_alloc_coherent(pool->dev, pool->allocation,
230 &page->dma, mem_flags);
233 memset(page->vaddr, POOL_POISON_FREED, pool->allocation);
235 pool_initialise_page(pool, page);
245 static inline int is_page_busy(struct dma_page *page)
247 return page->in_use != 0;
250 static void pool_free_page(struct dma_pool *pool, struct dma_page *page)
252 dma_addr_t dma = page->dma;
255 memset(page->vaddr, POOL_POISON_FREED, pool->allocation);
257 dma_free_coherent(pool->dev, pool->allocation, page->vaddr, dma);
258 list_del(&page->page_list);
263 * dma_pool_destroy - destroys a pool of dma memory blocks.
264 * @pool: dma pool that will be destroyed
265 * Context: !in_interrupt()
267 * Caller guarantees that no more memory from the pool is in use,
268 * and that nothing will try to use the pool after this call.
270 void dma_pool_destroy(struct dma_pool *pool)
274 mutex_lock(&pools_reg_lock);
275 mutex_lock(&pools_lock);
276 list_del(&pool->pools);
277 if (pool->dev && list_empty(&pool->dev->dma_pools))
279 mutex_unlock(&pools_lock);
281 device_remove_file(pool->dev, &dev_attr_pools);
282 mutex_unlock(&pools_reg_lock);
284 while (!list_empty(&pool->page_list)) {
285 struct dma_page *page;
286 page = list_entry(pool->page_list.next,
287 struct dma_page, page_list);
288 if (is_page_busy(page)) {
291 "dma_pool_destroy %s, %p busy\n",
292 pool->name, page->vaddr);
295 "dma_pool_destroy %s, %p busy\n",
296 pool->name, page->vaddr);
297 /* leak the still-in-use consistent memory */
298 list_del(&page->page_list);
301 pool_free_page(pool, page);
306 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_pool_destroy);
309 * dma_pool_alloc - get a block of consistent memory
310 * @pool: dma pool that will produce the block
311 * @mem_flags: GFP_* bitmask
312 * @handle: pointer to dma address of block
314 * This returns the kernel virtual address of a currently unused block,
315 * and reports its dma address through the handle.
316 * If such a memory block can't be allocated, %NULL is returned.
318 void *dma_pool_alloc(struct dma_pool *pool, gfp_t mem_flags,
322 struct dma_page *page;
326 might_sleep_if(mem_flags & __GFP_WAIT);
328 spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
329 list_for_each_entry(page, &pool->page_list, page_list) {
330 if (page->offset < pool->allocation)
334 /* pool_alloc_page() might sleep, so temporarily drop &pool->lock */
335 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
337 page = pool_alloc_page(pool, mem_flags);
341 spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
343 list_add(&page->page_list, &pool->page_list);
346 offset = page->offset;
347 page->offset = *(int *)(page->vaddr + offset);
348 retval = offset + page->vaddr;
349 *handle = offset + page->dma;
354 /* page->offset is stored in first 4 bytes */
355 for (i = sizeof(page->offset); i < pool->size; i++) {
356 if (data[i] == POOL_POISON_FREED)
360 "dma_pool_alloc %s, %p (corrupted)\n",
363 pr_err("dma_pool_alloc %s, %p (corrupted)\n",
367 * Dump the first 4 bytes even if they are not
370 print_hex_dump(KERN_ERR, "", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 16, 1,
371 data, pool->size, 1);
375 memset(retval, POOL_POISON_ALLOCATED, pool->size);
377 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
380 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_pool_alloc);
382 static struct dma_page *pool_find_page(struct dma_pool *pool, dma_addr_t dma)
384 struct dma_page *page;
386 list_for_each_entry(page, &pool->page_list, page_list) {
389 if (dma < (page->dma + pool->allocation))
396 * dma_pool_free - put block back into dma pool
397 * @pool: the dma pool holding the block
398 * @vaddr: virtual address of block
399 * @dma: dma address of block
401 * Caller promises neither device nor driver will again touch this block
402 * unless it is first re-allocated.
404 void dma_pool_free(struct dma_pool *pool, void *vaddr, dma_addr_t dma)
406 struct dma_page *page;
410 spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
411 page = pool_find_page(pool, dma);
413 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
416 "dma_pool_free %s, %p/%lx (bad dma)\n",
417 pool->name, vaddr, (unsigned long)dma);
419 printk(KERN_ERR "dma_pool_free %s, %p/%lx (bad dma)\n",
420 pool->name, vaddr, (unsigned long)dma);
424 offset = vaddr - page->vaddr;
426 if ((dma - page->dma) != offset) {
427 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
430 "dma_pool_free %s, %p (bad vaddr)/%Lx\n",
431 pool->name, vaddr, (unsigned long long)dma);
434 "dma_pool_free %s, %p (bad vaddr)/%Lx\n",
435 pool->name, vaddr, (unsigned long long)dma);
439 unsigned int chain = page->offset;
440 while (chain < pool->allocation) {
441 if (chain != offset) {
442 chain = *(int *)(page->vaddr + chain);
445 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
447 dev_err(pool->dev, "dma_pool_free %s, dma %Lx "
448 "already free\n", pool->name,
449 (unsigned long long)dma);
451 printk(KERN_ERR "dma_pool_free %s, dma %Lx "
452 "already free\n", pool->name,
453 (unsigned long long)dma);
457 memset(vaddr, POOL_POISON_FREED, pool->size);
461 *(int *)vaddr = page->offset;
462 page->offset = offset;
464 * Resist a temptation to do
465 * if (!is_page_busy(page)) pool_free_page(pool, page);
466 * Better have a few empty pages hang around.
468 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
470 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dma_pool_free);
475 static void dmam_pool_release(struct device *dev, void *res)
477 struct dma_pool *pool = *(struct dma_pool **)res;
479 dma_pool_destroy(pool);
482 static int dmam_pool_match(struct device *dev, void *res, void *match_data)
484 return *(struct dma_pool **)res == match_data;
488 * dmam_pool_create - Managed dma_pool_create()
489 * @name: name of pool, for diagnostics
490 * @dev: device that will be doing the DMA
491 * @size: size of the blocks in this pool.
492 * @align: alignment requirement for blocks; must be a power of two
493 * @allocation: returned blocks won't cross this boundary (or zero)
495 * Managed dma_pool_create(). DMA pool created with this function is
496 * automatically destroyed on driver detach.
498 struct dma_pool *dmam_pool_create(const char *name, struct device *dev,
499 size_t size, size_t align, size_t allocation)
501 struct dma_pool **ptr, *pool;
503 ptr = devres_alloc(dmam_pool_release, sizeof(*ptr), GFP_KERNEL);
507 pool = *ptr = dma_pool_create(name, dev, size, align, allocation);
509 devres_add(dev, ptr);
515 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmam_pool_create);
518 * dmam_pool_destroy - Managed dma_pool_destroy()
519 * @pool: dma pool that will be destroyed
521 * Managed dma_pool_destroy().
523 void dmam_pool_destroy(struct dma_pool *pool)
525 struct device *dev = pool->dev;
527 WARN_ON(devres_release(dev, dmam_pool_release, dmam_pool_match, pool));
529 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dmam_pool_destroy);