2 Kishon Vijay Abraham I <kishon@ti.com>
4 This document explains the Generic PHY Framework along with the APIs provided,
9 *PHY* is the abbreviation for physical layer. It is used to connect a device
10 to the physical medium e.g., the USB controller has a PHY to provide functions
11 such as serialization, de-serialization, encoding, decoding and is responsible
12 for obtaining the required data transmission rate. Note that some USB
13 controllers have PHY functionality embedded into it and others use an external
14 PHY. Other peripherals that use PHY include Wireless LAN, Ethernet,
17 The intention of creating this framework is to bring the PHY drivers spread
18 all over the Linux kernel to drivers/phy to increase code re-use and for
19 better code maintainability.
21 This framework will be of use only to devices that use external PHY (PHY
22 functionality is not embedded within the controller).
24 2. Registering/Unregistering the PHY provider
26 PHY provider refers to an entity that implements one or more PHY instances.
27 For the simple case where the PHY provider implements only a single instance of
28 the PHY, the framework provides its own implementation of of_xlate in
29 of_phy_simple_xlate. If the PHY provider implements multiple instances, it
30 should provide its own implementation of of_xlate. of_xlate is used only for
33 #define of_phy_provider_register(dev, xlate) \
34 __of_phy_provider_register((dev), THIS_MODULE, (xlate))
36 #define devm_of_phy_provider_register(dev, xlate) \
37 __devm_of_phy_provider_register((dev), THIS_MODULE, (xlate))
39 of_phy_provider_register and devm_of_phy_provider_register macros can be used to
40 register the phy_provider and it takes device and of_xlate as
41 arguments. For the dt boot case, all PHY providers should use one of the above
42 2 macros to register the PHY provider.
44 void devm_of_phy_provider_unregister(struct device *dev,
45 struct phy_provider *phy_provider);
46 void of_phy_provider_unregister(struct phy_provider *phy_provider);
48 devm_of_phy_provider_unregister and of_phy_provider_unregister can be used to
53 The PHY driver should create the PHY in order for other peripheral controllers
54 to make use of it. The PHY framework provides 2 APIs to create the PHY.
56 struct phy *phy_create(struct device *dev, struct device_node *node,
57 const struct phy_ops *ops);
58 struct phy *devm_phy_create(struct device *dev, struct device_node *node,
59 const struct phy_ops *ops);
61 The PHY drivers can use one of the above 2 APIs to create the PHY by passing
62 the device pointer and phy ops.
63 phy_ops is a set of function pointers for performing PHY operations such as
64 init, exit, power_on and power_off.
66 Inorder to dereference the private data (in phy_ops), the phy provider driver
67 can use phy_set_drvdata() after creating the PHY and use phy_get_drvdata() in
68 phy_ops to get back the private data.
70 4. Getting a reference to the PHY
72 Before the controller can make use of the PHY, it has to get a reference to
73 it. This framework provides the following APIs to get a reference to the PHY.
75 struct phy *phy_get(struct device *dev, const char *string);
76 struct phy *phy_optional_get(struct device *dev, const char *string);
77 struct phy *devm_phy_get(struct device *dev, const char *string);
78 struct phy *devm_phy_optional_get(struct device *dev, const char *string);
80 phy_get, phy_optional_get, devm_phy_get and devm_phy_optional_get can
81 be used to get the PHY. In the case of dt boot, the string arguments
82 should contain the phy name as given in the dt data and in the case of
83 non-dt boot, it should contain the label of the PHY. The two
84 devm_phy_get associates the device with the PHY using devres on
85 successful PHY get. On driver detach, release function is invoked on
86 the the devres data and devres data is freed. phy_optional_get and
87 devm_phy_optional_get should be used when the phy is optional. These
88 two functions will never return -ENODEV, but instead returns NULL when
89 the phy cannot be found.
91 It should be noted that NULL is a valid phy reference. All phy
92 consumer calls on the NULL phy become NOPs. That is the release calls,
93 the phy_init() and phy_exit() calls, and phy_power_on() and
94 phy_power_off() calls are all NOP when applied to a NULL phy. The NULL
95 phy is useful in devices for handling optional phy devices.
97 5. Releasing a reference to the PHY
99 When the controller no longer needs the PHY, it has to release the reference
100 to the PHY it has obtained using the APIs mentioned in the above section. The
101 PHY framework provides 2 APIs to release a reference to the PHY.
103 void phy_put(struct phy *phy);
104 void devm_phy_put(struct device *dev, struct phy *phy);
106 Both these APIs are used to release a reference to the PHY and devm_phy_put
107 destroys the devres associated with this PHY.
109 6. Destroying the PHY
111 When the driver that created the PHY is unloaded, it should destroy the PHY it
112 created using one of the following 2 APIs.
114 void phy_destroy(struct phy *phy);
115 void devm_phy_destroy(struct device *dev, struct phy *phy);
117 Both these APIs destroy the PHY and devm_phy_destroy destroys the devres
118 associated with this PHY.
122 This subsystem is pm runtime enabled. So while creating the PHY,
123 pm_runtime_enable of the phy device created by this subsystem is called and
124 while destroying the PHY, pm_runtime_disable is called. Note that the phy
125 device created by this subsystem will be a child of the device that calls
126 phy_create (PHY provider device).
128 So pm_runtime_get_sync of the phy_device created by this subsystem will invoke
129 pm_runtime_get_sync of PHY provider device because of parent-child relationship.
130 It should also be noted that phy_power_on and phy_power_off performs
131 phy_pm_runtime_get_sync and phy_pm_runtime_put respectively.
132 There are exported APIs like phy_pm_runtime_get, phy_pm_runtime_get_sync,
133 phy_pm_runtime_put, phy_pm_runtime_put_sync, phy_pm_runtime_allow and
134 phy_pm_runtime_forbid for performing PM operations.
138 In order to get reference to a PHY without help from DeviceTree, the framework
139 offers lookups which can be compared to clkdev that allow clk structures to be
140 bound to devices. A lookup can be made be made during runtime when a handle to
141 the struct phy already exists.
143 The framework offers the following API for registering and unregistering the
146 int phy_create_lookup(struct phy *phy, const char *con_id, const char *dev_id);
147 void phy_remove_lookup(struct phy *phy, const char *con_id, const char *dev_id);
149 9. DeviceTree Binding
151 The documentation for PHY dt binding can be found @
152 Documentation/devicetree/bindings/phy/phy-bindings.txt